Inflammatory monocytes and the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis

Journal of Neuroinflammation

Nicholas JC King³  Iain L Campbell²  Caryn van Vreden³  Celine Deffrasnes³  Daniel R Getts¹  Rachael L Terry¹ 

[1] Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago Avenue, Northwestern University, Chicago, 60611, USA;School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, Butlin Avenue, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia;Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia

关键词: Integrins;    LFA-1;    VLA-4;    CCR2;    CCL2;    Neurotrophic virus;    Viral encephalitis;    Ly6C^hi inflammatory monocytes;   

Others  :  1160113
DOI  :  10.1186/1742-2094-9-270

 received in 2012-08-29, accepted in 2012-11-19,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Monocytes are a heterogeneous population of bone marrow-derived cells that are recruited to sites of infection and inflammation in many models of human diseases, including those of the central nervous system (CNS). Ly6C^hi/CCR2^hi inflammatory monocytes have been identified as the circulating precursors of brain macrophages, dendritic cells and arguably microglia in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Alzheimer’s disease; stroke; and more recently in CNS infection caused by Herpes simplex virus, murine hepatitis virus, Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. The precise differentiation pathways and functions of inflammatory monocyte-derived populations in the inflamed CNS remains a contentious issue, especially in regard to the existence of monocyte-derived microglia. Furthermore, the contributions of monocyte-derived subsets to viral clearance and immunopathology are not well-defined. Thus, understanding the pathways through which inflammatory monocytes migrate to the brain and their functional capacity within the CNS is critical to inform future therapeutic strategies. This review discusses some of the key aspects of inflammatory monocyte trafficking to the brain and addresses the role of these cells in viral encephalitis.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Terry et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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