The association of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to salt with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Bruce Neal⁴  Caryl Nowson⁵  Paul Jeffery⁵  Victoria Flood³  Wayne Smith¹  Federica Barzi²  Mark Woodward²  John Chalmers²  Frances Hodgins²  Helen Trevena²  Claire Johnson²  Anthea Christoforou²  Jacqui Webster²  Mary-Anne Land² 

[1] New South Wales Health, Sydney, Australia;The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, PO BOX M201, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia;The Sydney University of Sydney and St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia;Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia

关键词: Behaviour;    Attitude;    Knowledge;    Urinary sodium excretion;    Salt;   

Others  :  803765
DOI  :  10.1186/1479-5868-11-47

 received in 2013-10-06, accepted in 2014-04-01,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Aim

Salt reduction efforts usually have a strong focus on consumer education. Understanding the association between salt consumption levels and knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards salt should provide insight into the likely effectiveness of education-based programs.

Methods

A single 24-hour urine sample and a questionnaire describing knowledge, attitudes and behaviours was obtained from 306 randomly selected participants and 113 volunteers from a regional town in Australia.

Results

Mean age of all participants was 55 years (range 20–88), 55% were women and mean 24-hour urinary salt excretion was 8.8(3.6) g/d. There was no difference in salt excretion between the randomly selected and volunteer sample. Virtually all participants (95%) identified that a diet high in salt can cause serious health problems with the majority of participants (81%) linking a high salt diet to raised blood pressure. There was no difference in salt excretion between those who did 8.7(2.1) g/d and did not 7.5(3.3) g/d identify that a diet high in salt causes high blood pressure (p = 0.1). Nor was there a difference between individuals who believed they consumed “too much” 8.9(3.3) g/d “just the right amount” 8.4(2.6) g/d or “too little salt” 9.1(3.7) g/d (p = 0.2). Likewise, individuals who indicated that lowering their salt intake was important 8.5(2.9) g/d vs. not important 8.8(2.4) g/d did not have different consumption levels (p = 0.4).

Conclusion

The absence of a clear association between knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards salt and actual salt consumption suggests that interventions focused on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours alone may be of limited efficacy.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Land et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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