Implementation science in cancer prevention and control: a decade of grant funding by the National Cancer Institute and future directions

Implementation Science

Cynthia Vinson¹  Suzanne Heurtin-Roberts¹  Margaret M Farrell¹  Laurie Cynkin¹  Bryan Leyva¹  Siobhan M Phillips¹  David A Chambers¹  Michael A Sanchez¹  Gila Neta¹ 

[1] Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 4E442, Rockville 20852, MD, USA

关键词: Study characteristics;    Implementation science;    Review;    Grants;   

Others  :  1139399
DOI  :  10.1186/s13012-014-0200-2

 received in 2014-09-25, accepted in 2014-12-19,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has supported implementation science for over a decade. We explore the application of implementation science across the cancer control continuum, including prevention, screening, treatment, and survivorship.

Methods

We reviewed funding trends of implementation science grants funded by the NCI between 2000 and 2012. We assessed study characteristics including cancer topic, position on the T2–T4 translational continuum, intended use of frameworks, study design, settings, methods, and replication and cost considerations.

Results

We identified 67 NCI grant awards having an implementation science focus. R01 was the most common mechanism, and the total number of all awards increased from four in 2003 to 15 in 2012. Prevention grants were most frequent (49.3%) and cancer treatment least common (4.5%). Diffusion of Innovations and Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) were the most widely reported frameworks, but it is unclear how implementation science models informed planned study measures. Most grants (69%) included mixed methods, and half reported replication and cost considerations (49.3%).

Conclusions

Implementation science in cancer research is active and diverse but could be enhanced by greater focus on measures development, assessment of how conceptual frameworks and their constructs lead to improved dissemination and implementation outcomes, and harmonization of measures that are valid, reliable, and practical across multiple settings.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Neta et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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