Personnel planning in general practices: development and testing of a skill mix analysis method

Human Resources for Health

Dinny H de Bakker⁴  Emmy WCC Derckx²  Hubertus JM Vrijhoef³  Juliane von Eitzen-Strassel¹ 

[1]Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands

[2]Foundation for Development of Quality Care in General Practice, P.O. Box 2155, 5600 CD Eindhoven, The Netherlands

[3]Health Systems and Policy Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of Singapore, MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore

[4]Primary Care, Scientific Centre for Care and Welfare (Tranzo), University of Tilburg, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands

关键词: Validity;    Supply;    Skill mix;    General practice;    Demand;   

Others  :  1139385
DOI  :  10.1186/1478-4491-12-53

 received in 2013-09-20, accepted in 2014-09-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

General practitioners (GPs) have to match patients’ demands with the mix of their practice staff’s competencies. However, apart from some general principles, there is little guidance on recruiting new staff. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a method which would allow GPs or practice managers to perform a skill mix analysis which would take into account developments in local demand.

Methods

The method was designed with a stepwise method using different research strategies. Literature review took place to detect available methods that map, predict, or measure patients’ demands or needs and to fill the contents of the skill mix analysis. Focus groups and expert interviews were held both during the design process and in the first test stage. Both secondary data analysis as primary data collection took place to fill the contents of the tool. A pilot study in general practices tested the feasibility of the newly-developed method.

Results

The skill mix analysis contains both a quantitative and a qualitative part which includes the following sections: i) an analysis of the current and the expected future demand; ii) an analysis of the need to adjust skill mix; iii) an overview about the functions of different provider disciplines; and iv) a system to assess the input, assumed or otherwise, of each function concerning the ‘catching up demand’, the connection between supply and demand, and the introduction of new opportunities. The skill mix analysis shows an acceptable face and content validity and appears feasible in practice.

Conclusions

The skill mix analysis method can be used as a basis to analyze and match, systematically, the demand for care and the supply of practice staff.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 von Eitzen-Strassel et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Zwaanswijk M, Quak ES, Bouwman J, Zantinge EM, Verhaak PFM: DH: DB: Validiteit van de Vraag Aanbod Analyse Monitor (VAAM): overeenstemming met populatiegegevens uit gezondheidspeilingen. TSG 2009, 87:272-278.
• [2]Saltman RB, Rico A, Boerma WGW: Primary Care in the Driver’s Seat? Organizational Reform in European Primary Care. Berkshire: University Press; 2006.
• [3]Council for Public Health and Care (Raad voor de Volksgezondheitd en Zorg): Bekwaam is bevoegd. Innovatieve opleidingen en nieuwe beroepen in de zorg. Den Haag: Raad voor de Volksgezondheitd en Zorg; 2011.
• [4]Derckx EWCC: Taakherschikking: Kansen voor een sterke eerstelijn!? In Zuidelijke Eerstelijnsdag Eindhoven. Eindhoven: Stichting Kwaliteit & Ontwikkeling Huisartsenzorg; 2007.
• [5]van Hassel DTP, Kenens RJ: Cijfers uit de registratie van huisartsen. Peiling 2012. Utrecht: NIVEL; 2013.
• [6]Heiligers PJM, Noordman J, Korevaar JC, Dorsman S, Hingstman L, van Dulmen AM, de Bakker DH: Praktijkondersteuners in de huisartsenpraktijk: klaar voor de toekomst?. Utrecht: NIVEL; 2012.
• [7]Schippers EI: Zorg die werkt: de beleidsdoelstellingen van de minister van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport (VWS). [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/vws/documenten-en-publicaties/kamerstukken/2011/01/26/zorg-die-werkt-de-beleidsdoelstellingen-van-de-minister-van-volksgezondheid-welzijn-en-sport.html webcite]
• [8]Murphy GT, Birch S, MacKenzie A: Needs-Based Health Human Resources Planning: The Challenge of Linking Needs to Provider Requirements. Ottawa: Canadian Nurses Association and Canadian Medical Association; 2007.
• [9]Graaf-Ruizendaal WAD, De Bakker DH: The construction of a decision tool to analyse local demand and local supply for GP care using a synthetic estimation model. Hum Res Health 2013, 11:55. BioMed Central Full Text
• [10]Ovaskainen PT, Rautava PT, Ojanlatva A, Päkkiläc JK, Päivärintac RM: Analysis of primary health care utilisation in south-western Finland - a tool for management. Health Policy 2003, 66:229-238.
• [11]Dubois CA, Singh D: From staff-mix to skill mix and beyond: towards a systemic approach to health workforce management. Hum Resour Health 2009, 7:87. BioMed Central Full Text
• [12]Cavanagh S, Chadwick K: Health Needs Assessment. A Practical Guide. London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; 2005.
• [13]Del Fante P, Allan D, Babidge E: Getting the most out of your practice. The practice health Atlas and business modelling opportunities. Aust Fam Physician 2006, 35:34-38.
• [14]Campbell JA: Designing a podiatry service to meet the needs of the population: a service simulation. Aust Health Rev 2007, 31:63-72.
• [15]Working in Partnership Programme: Workload analysis tool. Catalyst for change. User guide. London: National Health Service; 2008.
• [16]Buchan J, O’May F: Determining Skill Mix: Practical Guidelines for Managers and Health Professionals. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000.
• [17]Hicks C, Hennessy D, Barwell F: Development of a psychometrically valid training needs analysis instrument for use with primary health care teams. Health Serv Manag Res 1996, 9:262-272.
• [18]Khan NA, Visscher S, Verheij RA: De kwaliteit van het elektronisch patiëntendossier van huisartsen gemeten. EPDscan region Twente, eerste meting. Utrecht: Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research; 2011.
• [19]Advisory Committee on Medical Manpower Planning (Capaciteitsorgaan): Capaciteitsplan 2010 voor de medische, tandheelkundige, klinsch technologische en aanverwante (vervolg) opleidingen. Utrecht: Capaciteitsorgaan; 2011.
• [20]Buchan JMD, Poz MRD: Role Definition, Skill Mix, Multi-Skilling and “New” Workers, Studies in HSO&P. Antwerp, Belgium: ITGPress; 2003:21.
• [21]Dierick-van Daele ATM: The Introduction of the Nurse Practitioner in General Practice. PhD Thesis. Maastricht: Maastricht University, Department Integrated Care; 2010.
• [22]van den Berg M, de Bakker D: Meta-analyse introductie praktijkondersteuning op HBO-niveau in de huisartspraktijk in Nederland. Utrecht: NIVEL; 2003.
• [23]Lamkaddem M, de Bakker D, Nijland A, de Haan J: De invloed van praktijkondersteuning op de werklast van huisartsen. Utrecht/Groningen: Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research/Rijksuniversiteit; 2004.