An overview of loco-regional treatments in patients and mouse models for hepatocellular carcinoma

Infectious Agents and Cancer

Francesco Izzo²  Claudio Arra¹  Mauro Piccirillo²  Vittorio Albino²  Maddalena Leongito²  Raffaele Palaia²  Antonio Barbieri¹  Sabrina Bimonte² 

[1] INT Facility, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, IRCCS- Via Mariano Semmola, Naples, 80131, Italy;Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, IRCCS- Via Mariano Semmola, Naples, 80131, Italy

关键词: Efficacy;    Safety;    Drug delivery;    Hepatocellular carcinoma;    Loco-regional treatments;   

Others  :  1161144
DOI  :  10.1186/s13027-015-0004-2

 received in 2014-12-26, accepted in 2015-02-20,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a highly aggressive malignancy and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although surgery is currently considered the most effective curative treatment for this type of cancer, it is note that most of patients have a poor prognosis due to chemioresistence and tumor recurrence. Loco-regional therapies, including radiofrequency ablation, surgical resection and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization play a major role in the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. In order to improve the treatment outcome of patients diagnosed with this disease, several in vivo studies by using different techniques on cancer mouse models have been performed. This review will focus on the latest papers on the efficacy of loco-regional therapy and combined treatments in patients and mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Bimonte et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P: Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005, 55(2):74-108.
• [2]Izzo F, Albino V, Palaia R, Piccirillo M, Tatangelo F, Granata V, et al.: Hepatocellular carcinoma: preclinical data on a dual-lumen catheter kit for fibrin sealant infusion following loco-regional treatments. Infect Agent Cancer 2014, 9(1):39. BioMed Central Full Text
• [3]Davis GL, Alter MJ, El-Serag H, Poynard T, Jennings LW: Aging of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons in the United States: a multiple cohort model of HCV prevalence and disease progression. Gastroenterology 2010, 138(2):513-21. 21 e1-6
• [4]Olsen AH, Parkin DM, Sasieni P: Cancer mortality in the United Kingdom: projections to the year 2025. Br J Cancer 2008, 99(9):1549-54.
• [5]Boucher E, Forner A, Reig M, Bruix J: New drugs for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2009, 29(Suppl 1):148-58.
• [6]Kumagi T, Hiasa Y, Hirschfield GM: Hepatocellular carcinoma for the non-specialist. BMJ 2009, 339:b5039.
• [7]Lencioni R: Loco-regional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of molecular targeted therapies. Oncology 2010, 78(Suppl 1):107-12.
• [8]Lencioni R: Loco-regional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2010, 52(2):762-73.
• [9]Himoto T, Kurokohchi K, Watanabe S, Masaki T: Recent advances in radiofrequency ablation for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepat Mon 2012, 12(10 HCC):e5945.
• [10]Bleicher RJ, Allegra DP, Nora DT, Wood TF, Foshag LJ, Bilchik AJ: Radiofrequency ablation in 447 complex unresectable liver tumors: lessons learned. Ann Surg Oncol 2003, 10(1):52-8.
• [11]Breton M, Haggerty J, Roberge D, Freeman GK: Management continuity in local health networks. Int J Integr Care 2012, 12:e14.
• [12]Khan KN, Yatsuhashi H, Yamasaki K, Yamasaki M, Inoue O, Koga M, et al.: Prospective analysis of risk factors for early intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma following ethanol injection. J Hepatol 2000, 32(2):269-78.
• [13]Koda M, Tanaka H, Murawaki Y, Horie Y, Suou T, Kawasaki H, et al.: Liver perforation: a serious complication of percutaneous acetic acid injection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 2000, 47(34):1110-2.
• [14]Huo TI, Lee SD, Wu JC: Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk patients: Western versus Eastern virus. Hepatology 2003, 38(1):269. author reply 70
• [15]Lencioni RA, Allgaier HP, Cioni D, Olschewski M, Deibert P, Crocetti L, et al.: Small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: randomized comparison of radio-frequency thermal ablation versus percutaneous ethanol injection. Radiology 2003, 228(1):235-40.
• [16]Lin SM, Lin CJ, Lin CC, Hsu CW, Chen YC: Radiofrequency ablation improves prognosis compared with ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma < or =4 cm. Gastroenterology 2004, 127(6):1714-23.
• [17]Shiina S, Teratani T, Obi S, Sato S, Tateishi R, Fujishima T, et al.: A randomized controlled trial of radiofrequency ablation with ethanol injection for small hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2005, 129(1):122-30.
• [18]Lin SM, Lin CJ, Lin CC, Hsu CW, Chen YC: Randomised controlled trial comparing percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, and percutaneous acetic acid injection to treat hepatocellular carcinoma of 3 cm or less. Gut 2005, 54(8):1151-6.
• [19]Cho YK, Kim JK, Kim MY, Rhim H, Han JK: Systematic review of randomized trials for hepatocellular carcinoma treated with percutaneous ablation therapies. Hepatology 2009, 49(2):453-9.
• [20]Curley SA, Izzo F, Delrio P, Ellis LM, Granchi J, Vallone P, et al.: Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies: results in 123 patients. Ann Surg 1999, 230(1):1-8.
• [21]Pearson AS, Izzo F, Fleming RY, Ellis LM, Delrio P, Roh MS, et al.: Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation for hepatic malignancies. Am J Surg 1999, 178(6):592-9.
• [22]Izzo F, Barnett CC Jr, Curley SA: Radiofrequency ablation of primary and metastatic malignant liver tumors. Adv Surg 2001, 35:225-50.
• [23]Komorizono Y, Oketani M, Sako K, Yamasaki N, Shibatou T, Maeda M, et al.: Risk factors for local recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinoma tumors after a single session, single application of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Cancer 2003, 97(5):1253-62.
• [24]Llovet JM, Vilana R, Bianchi L, Bru C: [Radiofrequency in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma]. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001, 24(6):303-11.
• [25]Llovet JM, Vilana R, Bru C, Bianchi L, Salmeron JM, Boix L, et al.: Increased risk of tumor seeding after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for single hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2001, 33(5):1124-9.
• [26]Teratani T, Yoshida H, Shiina S, Obi S, Sato S, Tateishi R, et al.: Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma in so-called high-risk locations. Hepatology 2006, 43(5):1101-8.
• [27]Yu NC, Lu DS, Raman SS, Dupuy DE, Simon CJ, Lassman C, et al.: Hepatocellular carcinoma: microwave ablation with multiple straight and loop antenna clusters–pilot comparison with pathologic findings. Radiology 2006, 239(1):269-75.
• [28]Pacella CM, Francica G, Di Lascio FM, Arienti V, Antico E, Caspani B, et al.: Long-term outcome of cirrhotic patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous laser ablation: a retrospective analysis. J Clin Oncol 2009, 27(16):2615-21.
• [29]Shimizu T, Sakuhara Y, Abo D, Hasegawa Y, Kodama Y, Endo H, et al.: Outcome of MR-guided percutaneous cryoablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2009, 16(6):816-23.
• [30]Lencioni R, Crocetti L, De Simone P, Filipponi F: Loco-regional interventional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: techniques, outcomes, and future prospects. Transpl Int 2010, 23(7):698-703.
• [31]Guo Y, Zhang Y, Nijm GM, Sahakian AV, Yang GY, Omary RA, et al.: Irreversible electroporation in the liver: contrast-enhanced inversion-recovery MR imaging approaches to differentiate reversibly electroporated penumbra from irreversibly electroporated ablation zones. Radiology 2011, 258(2):461-8.
• [32]Bruix J, Llovet JM: Hepatocellular carcinoma: is surveillance cost effective? Gut 2001, 48(2):149-50.
• [33]Varela M, Real MI, Burrel M, Forner A, Sala M, Brunet M, et al.: Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with drug eluting beads: efficacy and doxorubicin pharmacokinetics. J Hepatol 2007, 46(3):474-81.
• [34]Lammer J, Malagari K, Vogl T, Pilleul F, Denys A, Watkinson A, et al.: Prospective randomized study of doxorubicin-eluting-bead embolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: results of the PRECISION V study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2010, 33(1):41-52.
• [35]Malagari K, Pomoni M, Kelekis A, Pomoni A, Dourakis S, Spyridopoulos T, et al.: Prospective randomized comparison of chemoembolization with doxorubicin-eluting beads and bland embolization with BeadBlock for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2010, 33(3):541-51.
• [36]Nicolini A, Martinetti L, Crespi S, Maggioni M, Sangiovanni A: Transarterial chemoembolization with epirubicin-eluting beads versus transarterial embolization before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010, 21(3):327-32.
• [37]Geschwind JF, Salem R, Carr BI, Soulen MC, Thurston KG, Goin KA, et al.: Yttrium-90 microspheres for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2004, 127(5 Suppl 1):S194-205.
• [38]Ibrahim SM, Lewandowski RJ, Ryu RK, Sato KT, Gates VL, Mulcahy MF, et al.: Radiographic response to yttrium-90 radioembolization in anterior versus posterior liver segments. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008, 31(6):1124-32.
• [39]Salem R, Hunter RD: Yttrium-90 microspheres for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006, 66(2 Suppl):S83-8.
• [40]Sangro B, Bilbao JI, Boan J, Martinez-Cuesta A, Benito A, Rodriguez J, et al.: Radioembolization using 90Y-resin microspheres for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006, 66(3):792-800.
• [41]Kulik LM, Atassi B, van Holsbeeck L, Souman T, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, et al.: Yttrium-90 microspheres (TheraSphere) treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: downstaging to resection, RFA and bridge to transplantation. J Surg Oncol 2006, 94(7):572-86.
• [42]Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, Blanc JF, et al.: Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2008, 359(4):378-90.
• [43]Cheng AL, Kang YK, Chen Z, Tsao CJ, Qin S, Kim JS, et al.: Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2009, 10(1):25-34.
• [44]Wang B, Xu H, Gao ZQ, Ning HF, Sun YQ, Cao GW: Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Acta Radiol 2008, 49(5):523-9.
• [45]Virmani S, Rhee TK, Ryu RK, Sato KT, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, et al.: Comparison of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression before and after transcatheter arterial embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008, 19(10):1483-9.
• [46]Lencioni R, Llovet JM: Modified RECIST (mRECIST) assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2010, 30(1):52-60.
• [47]Raut CP, Izzo F, Marra P, Ellis LM, Vauthey JN, Cremona F, et al.: Significant long-term survival after radiofrequency ablation of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. Ann Surg Oncol 2005, 12(8):616-28.
• [48]Curley SA, Izzo F: Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Minerva Chir 2002, 57(2):165-76.
• [49]Curley SA, Izzo F: Radiofrequency ablation of primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies. Int J Clin Oncol 2002, 7(2):72-81.
• [50]Curley SA, Cusack JC Jr, Tanabe KK, Stoelzing O, Ellis LM: Advances in the treatment of liver tumors. Curr Probl Surg 2002, 39(5):449-571.
• [51]Golfieri R, Bilbao JI, Carpanese L, Cianni R, Gasparini D, Ezziddin S, et al.: Comparison of the survival and tolerability of radioembolization in elderly vs. younger patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2013, 59(4):753-61.
• [52]Li G, Dong S, Qu J, Sun Z, Huang Z, Ye L, et al.: Synergism of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and recombinant mutant human tumour necrosis factor-alpha in chemotherapy of multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2010, 30(4):585-92.
• [53]Nobuoka D, Motomura Y, Shirakawa H, Yoshikawa T, Kuronuma T, Takahashi M, et al.: Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma induces glypican-3 peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Int J Oncol 2012, 40(1):63-70.
• [54]Beebe SJ, Fox PM, Rec LJ, Willis EL, Schoenbach KH: Nanosecond, high-intensity pulsed electric fields induce apoptosis in human cells. FASEB J 2003, 17(11):1493-5.
• [55]Yin S, Chen X, Hu C, Zhang X, Hu Z, Yu J, et al.: Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a novel locoregional ablation decreasing lung metastasis. Cancer Lett 2014, 346(2):285-91.
• [56]Raoof M, Corr SJ, Zhu C, Cisneros BT, Kaluarachchi WD, Phounsavath S, et al.: Gold nanoparticles and radiofrequency in experimental models for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nanomedicine 2014, 10(6):1121-30.