Identifying built environmental patterns using cluster analysis and GIS: Relationships with walking, cycling and body mass index in French adults

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Jean-Michel Oppert¹  Chantal Simon²  Serge Hercberg³  Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot³  Dominique Badariotti⁶  Arnaud Banos⁵  Romain Casey²  Paul Salze⁶  Basile Chaix⁴  Christiane Weber⁶  Hélène Charreire³ 

[1] Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CRNH Ile-de-France, Paris, France;CarMeN, INSERM U1060/INRA U1235/University of Lyon, CRNH Rhône-Alpes, Lyon, France;UREN, INSERM U557/INRA U1125/CNAM/University of Paris 13/CRNH, Ile-de-France, Bobigny, France;INSERM U707, University Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, Paris, France;Géographie-Cité, UMR 8504 CNRS, Paris, France;Image, Ville, Environnement, CNRS ERL730, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

关键词: Body Mass Index;    Cycling;    Walking;    Health-enhancing physical activity;    Cluster analysis;    Geographical Information Systems;    Urban form;    Built environment;   

Others  :  824940
DOI  :  10.1186/1479-5868-9-59

 received in 2011-09-05, accepted in 2012-05-01,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Socio-ecological models suggest that both individual and neighborhood characteristics contribute to facilitating health-enhancing behaviors such as physical activity. Few European studies have explored relationships between local built environmental characteristics, recreational walking and cycling and weight status in adults. The aim of this study was to identify built environmental patterns in a French urban context and to assess associations with recreational walking and cycling behaviors as performed by middle-aged adult residents.

Methods

We used a two-step procedure based on cluster analysis to identify built environmental patterns in the region surrounding Paris, France, using measures derived from Geographic Information Systems databases on green spaces, proximity facilities (destinations) and cycle paths. Individual data were obtained from participants in the SU.VI.MAX cohort; 1,309 participants residing in the Ile-de-France in 2007 were included in this analysis. Associations between built environment patterns, leisure walking/cycling data (h/week) and measured weight status were assessed using multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for individual and neighborhood characteristics.

Results

Based on accessibility to green spaces, proximity facilities and availability of cycle paths, seven built environmental patterns were identified. The geographic distribution of built environmental patterns in the Ile-de-France showed that a pattern characterized by poor spatial accessibility to green spaces and proximity facilities and an absence of cycle paths was found only in neighborhoods in the outer suburbs, whereas patterns characterized by better spatial accessibility to green spaces, proximity facilities and cycle paths were more evenly distributed across the region. Compared to the reference pattern (poor accessibility to green areas and facilities, absence of cycle paths), subjects residing in neighborhoods characterized by high accessibility to green areas and local facilities and by a high density of cycle paths were more likely to walk/cycle, after adjustment for individual and neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics (OR = 2.5 95%CI 1.4-4.6). Body mass index did not differ across patterns.

Conclusions

Built environmental patterns were associated with walking and cycling among French adults. These analyses may be useful in determining urban and public health policies aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Charreire et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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