Polyorchidism: two case reports and a review of the literature

Journal of Medical Case Reports

George Habib¹  Suheil Artul¹ 

[1] Rheumatology Clinic, Nazareth Hospital, P. O. Box 11, 16100 Nazareth, Israel

关键词: Ultrasound;    Testes;    Scrotum;    Polyorchidism;   

Others  :  1180850
DOI  :  10.1186/1752-1947-8-464

 received in 2014-06-04, accepted in 2014-11-18,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Introduction

Polyorchidism is a very rare anomaly that is defined by the presence of more than two testes. Although its presentation is primarily as triorchidism, cases of four testes have also been reported in the literature.

Case presentation

In this report, we describe color Doppler ultrasound findings in two cases. Patient 1 was a 37-year-old Arabic man with a scrotal mass and a double testicle in the right hemiscrotum visualized by ultrasound. Patient 2 was an 11-year-old Arabic boy with an inguinal mass resulted to be an additional testicle in the inguinal canal. The echogenic texture and vascular flow of supernumerary testicles in question were similar to those of the normal testicles; however, their size was smaller. After 3 years of follow-up, the tertiary testes in the two patients remained stable in both size and echogenicity.

Conclusion

Ultrasound plays a crucial role in the evaluation of masses. Notably, inguinal or scrotal masses should not always be considered as lymph nodes or tumors. Indeed, a radiologist should always keep polyorchidism in mind when such masses are encountered.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Artul and Habib; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Amodio JB, Maybody M, Slowotsky C, Fried K, Foresto C: Polyorchidism: report of 3 cases and review of the literature. J Ultrasound Med 2004, 23:951-957.
• [2]Arslanoglu A, Tuncel SA, Hamarat M: Polyorchidism: color Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Clin Imaging 2013, 37:189-191.
• [3]Leung AK: Polyorchidism. Am Fam Physician 1988, 38:153-156.
• [4]Singer BR, Donaldson JG, Jackson DS: Polyorchidism: functional classification and management strategy. Urology 1992, 39:384-388.
• [5]Yalçınkaya S, Şahin C, Şahin AF: Polyorchidism: sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Can Urol Assoc J 2011, 5:E84-E86.
• [6]Oner AY, Şahin C, Pocan S, Kizilkaya E: Polyorchidism: sonographic and magnetic resonance image findings. Acta Radiol 2005, 46:769-771.
• [7]Kharrazi SM, Rahmani MR, Sakipour M, Khoob S: Polyorchidism: a case report and review of literature. Urol J 2006, 3:180-183.
• [8]Bergholz R, Wenke K: Polyorchidism: a meta-analysis. J Urol 2009, 182:2422-2427.
• [9]Chung TJ, Yao WJ: Sonographic features of polyorchidism. J Clin Ultrasound 2002, 30:106-108.
• [10]Savas M, Yeni E, Ciftci H, Cece H, Topal U, Utangac MM: Polyorchidism: a three-case report and review of the literature. Andrologia 2010, 42:57-61.
• [11]Akbar SA, Sayyed TA, Jafri SZ, Hasteh F, Neill JS: Multimodality imaging of paratesticular neoplasms and their rare mimics. Radiographics 2003, 23:1461-1476.