The association between indoor temperature and body mass index in children: the PIAMA birth cohort study

BMC Public Health

Alet H Wijga³  Annemien Haveman-Nies¹  Maarten Schipper⁴  Gerard H Koppelman⁶  Ulrike Gehring²  Marjan Kerkhof⁵  Marga BM Bekkers³  Floor R Scheffers¹ 

[1]Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands

[2]Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands

[3]National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services (pb 101), PO Box 1, Bilthoven 3720, BA, the Netherlands

[4]Department of Statistics Mathematical Modelling and Data Logistics, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands

[5]Department of Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands

[6]Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands

关键词: Energy balance;    Overweight;    Indoor environment;    Ambient temperature;    Children;    Body mass index;   

Others  :  1161513
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-13-1119

 received in 2013-03-23, accepted in 2013-11-26,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Several experimental studies showed consistent evidence for decreased energy expenditure at higher ambient temperatures. Based on this, an association between thermal exposure and body weight may be expected. However, the effect of thermal exposure on body weight has hardly been studied. Therefore, this study investigated the association between indoor temperature and body mass index (BMI) in children in real life.

Methods

This longitudinal observational study included 3 963 children from the Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort that started in 1996. These children were followed from birth until the age of 11 years. Winter indoor temperature (living room and bedroom) was reported at baseline and BMI z-scores were available at 10 consecutive ages. Missing data were multiply imputed. Associations between indoor temperature and BMI were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), adjusted for confounders and stratified by gender. In a subgroup of 104 children, bedroom temperature was also measured with data loggers.

Results

Mean reported living room and bedroom temperature were 20.3°C and 17.4°C, respectively. Reported and measured bedroom temperatures were positively correlated (r = 0.42, p = 0.001).

Neither reported living room temperature (-0.03 ≤ β ≥ 0.04) and bedroom temperature (-0.01 ≤ β ≥ 0.02) nor measured bedroom temperature (-0.04 ≤ β ≥ 0.05) were associated with BMI z-score between the age of 3 months and 11 years.

Conclusions

This study in children did not support the hypothesized association between indoor temperature and BMI in a real life setting.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Scheffers et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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