Prokinetic and laxative effects of the crude methanolic extract of Viola betonicifolia whole plant in rodents

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Anwarul-Hassan Gilani³  Muhammad Saeed¹  Haroon Khan²  Najeeb ur Rehman⁴  Naveed Muhammad² 

[1] Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan;Gandhara College of Pharmacy, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan;College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia;Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan

关键词: Ileum;    Jejunum;    Cholinergic;    Laxative;    Prokinetic;    Viola betonicifolia;   

Others  :  1230142
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-13-70

 received in 2012-09-09, accepted in 2013-03-19,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

The present study was aimed to provide ethnopharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola betonicifolia whole plant in indigestion and constipation.

Methods

Mice were used in in-vivo prokinetic and laxative studies while in-vitro experiments were conducted on isolated tissues of rabbit and guinea-pig gut preparations suspended in a tissue bath to measure isotonic contractions.

Results

The crude methanolic extract of Viola betonicifolia (VBME) showed partially atropine-sensitive prokinetic (50 and 100 mg/kg) and laxative (30 and 100 mg/kg) activities in mice. When tested in isolated rabbit jejunum and guinea-pig ileum, VBME caused dose-dependent contractions at 0.01-0.3 mg/mL and 0.03-5 mg/mL, respectively. The spasmogenic effect was partially sensitive to atropine, while the presence of pyrilamine, SB203186 or hexamethonium had no effect in both gut preparations. VBME partially inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme (19%) in the in-vitro assay. The spasmodic effect of VBME was more efficacious in guinea-pig ileum than rabbit jejunum preparation. The phytochemical analysis of the crude methanolic extract for total alkaloids and saponins revealed that the VBME is a rich source of alkaloids and saponins.

Conclusions

This study showed the prokinetic and laxative effects of Viola betonicifolia in mice, partially mediated through cholinergic action. The in-vitro spasmodic effect of the plant extract was also partially sensitive to atropine indicating more than one mechanisms in the gut stimulant effect. This study provides a rationale for the medicinal use of Viola betonicifolia in indigestion and constipation.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Muhammad et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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