Isolation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of a novel compound N-octacosan 7β ol, from Fumaria parviflora Lam

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Mohammed Ali²  Farhat Afrin¹  Abuzer Ali²  Mohammad Islamuddin¹  Mohammad Jameel² 

[1] Parasite Immunology Lab., Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;Phytochemistry research Lab., Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India

关键词: Isolation;    Novel;    Leishmanial potential;    Shahtrah;    Homaira;    Fumaria parviflora;   

Others  :  1220225
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-98

 received in 2013-11-13, accepted in 2014-03-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Fumaria parviflora Lam. (Fumaraceae) is widely used in traditional as well as folkloric system of medicine from ancient. It is commonly known as ‘Pitpapra’ or ‘Shahtrah’ in Indian traditional system of medicine and used for treating numerous ailments like diarrhea, fever, influenza, blood purifier and other complications. The object of the present study was to evaluate the Antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic potential of isolated compound.

Methods

Methanolic extract of whole plant of Fumaria parviflora was dried under reduced pressure to obtain a dark brown residue which was adsorbed on silica gel column grade (60–120 mesh) to obtain a slurry and chromatographed over silica gel loaded column in petroleum ether – chloroform (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 v/v). The in vitro antileishmanial evaluation of isolated compound against Leishmania donovani promastigotes was investigated by growth kinetics assay, reversibility assay, analysis of cellular morphology, adverse toxicity and determination of 50% growth inhibitory concentration (GI₅₀). Disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods were used to study the antibacterial (Gram + Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis; Gram - Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and antifungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) potential in vitro.

Results

Structure elucidation by spectral data analysis revealed a novel compound, n-octacosan-7β-ol (OC), yield (0.471%), having significant antimicrobial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger in vitro with GI₅₀ = 5.35, MIC 250, MIC 250 and MFC 500 and MIC 250 μg ml^-1 respectively. The isolated compound did not show adverse effect against mammalian macrophages.

Conclusions

The available evidence of compound suggested that it may be used as antimicrobial agent in future and may provide new platform for drug discovery programmes for leishmaniasis.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Jameel et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

Figure 8.

Figure 9.

Figure 10.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Frantz S: Approvals: the demise of the blockbuster. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2004, 4:93-94.
• [2]Fakim AG: Medicinal plants: traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Mol Asp Med 2006, 27:1-93.
• [3]Ayensu ES, De- Filipps RA: Endangered and Threatened Plants of the United States. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution; 1978.
• [4]Verpoorte R: Pharmacognosy in the new millennium: lead finding and biotechnology. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000, 52:253-262.
• [5]Mohammed A: Present status of herbal medicines in India. Journal of herbal medicine and toxicology 2009, 3(2):1-7.
• [6]Orhan I, Sener B, Musharraf SG: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity appraisal of four selected Fumaria species and their total phenol and flavonoid quantities. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2010, 64(3):205-209.
• [7]Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra SN: Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. New Delhi: National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (CSIR); 2002:122.
• [8]Mossa JS, Al-Yahya MA, Al- Meshal IA: Medicinal Plants of Saudi Arabia, 1st ed. Riyadh;
• [9]Popova ME, Simanek V, Dolejs L, Smysl B, Preininger V: Alkaloids from Fumaria parviflora and Fumaria Kralikii. Planta Med 1982, 45:120-122.
• [10]Rahman AU, Bhati MK, Choudhary MI, Sener B: Chemical constituents of Fumaria indica. Fitoterapia 1992, 63:129-135.
• [11]Khattak SG, Gilani SN, Ikram M: Antipyretic studies on some indigenous Pakistani medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 1985, 14:45-51.
• [12]Gilani AH, Janbaz KH, Akhtar MS: Selective protective effect of the extract from Fumaria parviflora on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Gen Pharmacol 1996, 27:979-983.
• [13]Akhtar MS, Khan QM, Khaliq T: Effect of Euphorbia prostrate and Fumaria indica in normoglycemic and alloxan-treated hyperglycemic rabbits. Planta Med 1984, 50:140-142.
• [14]Rehman N, Bashir S, Al-Rehaily AJ, Gilani AH: Mechanisms underlying the antidiarrheal, antispasmodic and bronchodilator activities of Fumaria parviflora and involvement of tissue and species specificity. J Ethnopharmacol 2012, 144:128-137.
• [15]Hordgen P, Hertzberg H, Heilmann J, Langhans W, Maurer V: The anthelmintic efficacy of five plant products against gastrointestinal trichostrongylids in artificially infected lambs. Veterinary Parasitolgy 2003, 117:51-60.
• [16]Jowkar F, Jamshidzadeh A, Yazdi AM, Pasalar M: The effects of Fumaria Parviflora L extract on chronic hand eczema: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011, 13(11):824-828.
• [17]Naz I, Rius JEP, Saifullah Blok V, Khan MR, Ali S, Ali S: vitro and in planta nematicidal activity of Fumaria parviflora (Fumariaceae) against the southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Plant Pathol 2012. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02682.x
• [18]Anonymous: Control of the leishmanaisis. Report of a WHO expert committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1990, 793:1-158.
• [19]Khalid SA, Farouk A, Geary TG, Jensen JB: Potential antimalarial candidates from African plants: an in vitro approach using Plasmodium falciparum. J Ethanopharmacol 1986, 15:201-209.
• [20]Singh N, Kumar A, Gupta P, Chand K, Samant M, Maurya R, Dube A: Evaluation of antileishmanial potential of Tinospora sinensis against experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitol Res 2008, 102(3):561-565.
• [21]Afrin F, Rajesh R, Anam K, Gopinath M, Pal S, Ali N: Characterization of Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in liposomes that induce protective immunity in BALB/c mice. Infect Immun 2002, 70:6697-6706.
• [22]Hernandez T, Canales M, Avila JG, García AM, Martínez A, Caballero J, Romo de Vivar A, Lira R: Composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Lantana achyranthifolia Desf. (Verbenaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2005, 96:551-554.
• [23]Jones ME: Reinterpretation of Susceptibility Data Using Current NCCLS Breakpoint Criteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003, 47(2):830.
• [24]Afrin F, Dey T, Anam K, Ali N: Leishmanicidal activity of stearylamine-bearing liposomes in vitro. J Parasitol 2001, 87:188-193.
• [25]Dutta A, Ghoshal A, Mandal D, Mondal NB, Banerjee S, Sahu NP, Mandal C: Racemoside A, an anti-leishmanial, watersoluble, natural steroidal saponin, induces programmed cell death in Leishmania donovani. J Med Microbiol 2007, 56:1196-1204.
• [26]Islamuddin M, Farooque A, Dwarakanath BS, Sahal B, Afrin F: Extracts of Artemisia annua leaves and seeds mediate programmed cell death in Leishmania donovani. J Med Microbiol 2012, 61:1709-1718.
• [27]Sundar S, More DK, Singh MK, Singh VP, Sharma S, Makharia A, Kumar PC, Murray HW: Failure of pentavalent antimony in visceral leishmaniasis in India: report from the center of the Indian epidemic. Clin Infect Dis 2000, 31:1104-1107.