Risk factors associated with hepatitis B exposure and the reliability of five rapid kits commonly used for screening blood donors in Ghana

BMC Research Notes

Patrick W Narkwa²  Emmanuel Appau¹  Tahiru Akadigo²  Theophilus B Kwofie²  Michael Owusu³  Mohamed Mutocheluh² 

[1] Laboratory Department, Holy Family Hospital, Techiman, Ghana;Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;Department of Clinical Microbiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

关键词: Ghana;    Blood donor samples;    Sensitivity and specificity;    Immunochromatographic kit;    Hepatitis B virus infections;   

Others  :  1118042
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-873

 received in 2014-07-18, accepted in 2014-11-28,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is one of the most widespread, chronic viral infections in sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of South America. Therefore, efforts are being made to implement strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of hepatitis B viral infections. One route of HBV transmission is through unsafe blood transfusion, which could occur from the use of less sensitive laboratory diagnostic kits. Information on the sensitivity and specificity of these kits is however limited in many developing countries. This study was therefore performed to describe the prevalence of HBV infections and also to evaluate the performance of five rapid immunochromatographic kits commonly used in Ghana.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was designed to describe the prevalence of HBsAg infection and also evaluate the performance of rapid kits used for screening hepatitis B in the northern part of Ghana.

Results

A total of 164 prospective blood donors were enrolled in this study from January 2012 to December 2013. The overall true prevalence of HBsAg was 14.6 (95% CI = 9.6 – 21.0). There was no significant association between transmission related factors and HBV infection. The specificities of all five rapid kits were above 97%, however the sensitivities and Youden’s indexes were below 60%. A comparison of the reported kit sensitivities to those generated by this study showed significant difference with the study results being lower than the ones reported in the kit literature.

Conclusion

Our study has shown that rapid HBsAg kits on the Ghanaian markets may not be helpful for screening blood donor samples. We therefore recommend the use of commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assays.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Mutocheluh et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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