Arthroaspis n. gen., a common element of the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte (Cambrian, North Greenland), sheds light on trilobite ancestry

BMC Evolutionary Biology

David AT Harper²  John S Peel¹  Graham E Budd¹  Martin Stein³ 

[1] Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden;Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

关键词: Functional morphology;    Pygidium;    Appendages;    Trilobita;    Lamellipedia;    Arthropoda;    Sirius Passet Lagerstätte;   

Others  :  1087361
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-13-99

 received in 2013-01-07, accepted in 2013-04-29,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Exceptionally preserved Palaeozoic faunas have yielded a plethora of trilobite-like arthropods, often referred to as lamellipedians. Among these, Artiopoda is supposed to contain taxa united by a distinctive appendage structure. This includes several well supported groups, Helmetiida, Nektaspida, and Trilobita, as well as a number of problematic taxa. Interrelationships remain unclear, and the position of the lamellipedian arthropods as a whole also remains the subject of debate.

Results

Arthroaspis bergstroemi n. gen. n. sp., a new arthropod from the early Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte of North Greenland shows a striking combination of both dorsal and ventral characters of Helmetiida, Nektaspida, and Trilobita. Cladistic analysis with a broad taxon sampling of predominantly early Palaeozoic arthropods yields a monophyletic Lamellipedia as sister taxon to the Crustacea or Tetraconata. Artiopoda is resolved as paraphyletic, giving rise to the Marrellomorpha. Within Lamellipedia, a clade of pygidium bearing taxa is resolved that can be shown to have a broadly helmetiid-like tergite morphology in its ground pattern. This morphology is plesiomorphically retained in Helmetiida and in Arthroaspis, which falls basally into a clade containing Trilobita. The trilobite appendages, though similar to those of other lamellipedians in gross morphology, have a unique outward rotation of the anterior trunk appendages, resulting in a ‘hard wired’ lateral splay, different to that observed in other Lamellipedia.

Conclusions

The combination of helmetiid, trilobite, and nektaspid characters in Arthroaspis gives important hints concerning character polarisation within the trilobite-like arthropods. The distinctive tergite morphology of trilobites, with its sophisticated articulating devices, is derived from flanged edge-to-edge articulating tergites forming a shield similar to the helmetiids, previously considered autapomorphic for that group. The stereotypical lateral splay of the appendages of lamellipedians is a homoplastic character shown to be achieved by several groups independently.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Stein et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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