The effect of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in pharmacologically treated patients with stable cardiovascular disease compared to usual care: a randomised controlled trial

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Jaap C Seidell²  Albert C van Rossum¹  Jan A Rauwerda³  Martijn W Heymans⁴  Maurits W van Tulder²  Irene M Hellemans²  Wilhelmina IJzelenberg² 

[1] Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Vascular Surgery, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics of the VU University Medical Center Amsterdam and the section of Methodology and Applied Biostatistics of the Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

关键词: Cardiovascular risk management;    Therapy;    Cardiology;    Randomised controlled trial;    Health behaviour;    Diet;    Physical activity;    Smoking;    Lifestyle intervention;    Cardiovascular diseases;   

Others  :  1084432
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2261-12-71

 received in 2012-01-13, accepted in 2012-09-03,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

The additional benefit of lifestyle interventions in patients receiving cardioprotective drug treatment to improve cardiovascular risk profile is not fully established.

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a target-driven multidisciplinary structured lifestyle intervention programme of 6 months duration aimed at maximum reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with usual care.

Methods

A single centre, two arm, parallel group randomised controlled trial was performed. Patients with stable established CVD and at least one lifestyle-related risk factor were recruited from the vascular and cardiology outpatient departments of the university hospital. Blocked randomisation was used to allocate patients to the intervention (n = 71) or control group (n = 75) using an on-site computer system combined with allocations in computer-generated tables of random numbers kept in a locked computer file. The intervention group received the comprehensive lifestyle intervention offered in a specialised outpatient clinic in addition to usual care. The control group continued to receive usual care. Outcome measures were the lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, physical activity, physical fitness, diet, blood pressure, plasma total/HDL/LDL cholesterol concentrations, BMI, waist circumference, and changes in medication.

Results

The intervention led to increased physical activity/fitness levels and an improved cardiovascular risk factor profile (reduced BMI and waist circumference). In this setting, cardiovascular risk management for blood pressure and lipid levels by prophylactic treatment for CVD in usual care was already close to optimal as reflected in baseline levels. There was no significant improvement in any other risk factor.

Conclusions

Even in CVD patients receiving good clinical care and using cardioprotective drug treatment, a comprehensive lifestyle intervention had a beneficial effect on some cardiovascular risk factors. In the present era of cardiovascular therapy and with the increasing numbers of overweight and physically inactive patients, this study confirms the importance of risk factor control through lifestyle modification as a supplement to more intensified drug treatment in patients with CVD.

Trial registration

ISRCTN69776211 at http://www.controlled-trials.com webcite

【 授权许可】

   
2012 IJzelenberg et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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