Prevalence and trends of markers of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human Immunodeficiency virus in Argentine blood donors

BMC Infectious Diseases

Rodolfo H Campos⁶  Juan F Reybaud⁹  Robert J Fernández^1,15  Felix A Nuñez⁸  Horacio J Salamone⁹  Elena MC Treviño⁷  Victoria Riboldi⁵  Adriana Huenul¹  Alicia E Levin^1,12  Martin E Cerda^1,11  Susana Hidalgo³  Claudia P Ansola^1,12  Juan A Bustos^1,13  Sonia Bartoli^1,10  Viviana E Re^1,14  Beatriz I Livellara⁴  Jorgelina L Blejer^1,15  Diego M Flichman² 

[1] Hospital Artémides Zatti, Viedma, Argentina;Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Virología, Junín 956 - 4 piso, ZIP code: 1113, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina;Hospital Dr Enrique Vera Barros, La Rioja, Argentina;Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina;Hospital Regional Rio Gallegos, Rio Gallegos, Argentina;Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina;Banco de Sangre de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina;Servicio de Hemoterapia del Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina;Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina;Centro regional de Hemoterapia Jujuy, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina;Hospital Dr. Lucio Molas, Santa Rosa, Argentina;Servicios de Hemoterapia de la provincia de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina;Banco de sangre San Jorge, Ushuaia, Argentina;Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina;Fundación Hemocentro, Buenos Aires, Argentina

关键词: HCV;    HBV;    HIV;    Blood donors;    Trend;    Prevalence;   

Others  :  1134038
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-14-218

 received in 2013-10-14, accepted in 2014-04-08,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Transfusion-transmitted infections are a major problem associated with blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and trends of HBV, HCV and HIV in blood donors in Argentina.

Methods

A retrospective study was carried out in blood donors of 27 transfusion centers covering the whole country over a period of eight years (2004-2011). Serologic screening assays for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV were performed in all centers and nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) was performed in 2 out of the 27 centers.

Results

The 2,595,852 samples tested nationwide from 2004 to 2011 showed that the prevalence of HBsAg decreased from 0.336% to 0.198% (p < 0.0001), that of anti-HBc from 2.391% to 2.007% (p < 0.0001), that of anti-HCV from 0.721% to 0.460%, (p < 0.0001) and that of anti-HIV from 0.208% to 0.200 (p = 0.075). The prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV was unevenly distributed among the different regions of the country. Two out of 74,838 screening- negative samples were positive in NAT assays (1 HIV-RNA and 1 HCV-RNA); moreover, HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA were detected in 60.29, 24.54 and 66.67% of screening-positive samples of the corresponding assays. As regards donors age, positive HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA donors were significantly older than healthy donors (46.6, 50.5 and 39.5 y respectively, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Argentina has a low prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV in blood donors, with a decreasing trend for HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HCV but not for anti-HIV over the last 8 years. The uneven distribution of transfusion-transmitted infections prevalence among the different regions of the country highlights the need to implement regional awareness campaigns and prevention. The discrepancy between samples testing positive for screening assays and negative for NAT assays highlights the problem of blood donors who test repeatedly reactive in screening assays but are not confirmed as positive upon further testing. The uneven distribution of age between healthy donors and NAT-positive donors could be related to changes in risks of these pathogens in the general population and might be attributed to a longer exposure to transmission risk factors in elderly people.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Flichman et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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