Effects of honey supplementation combined with different jumping exercise intensities on bone mass, serum bone metabolism markers and gonadotropins in female rats

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Mahaneem Mohamed²  Foong Kiew Ooi¹  Maryam Mosavat¹ 

[1] Sport Science Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia;Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia

关键词: Jumping exercise;    Honey supplementation;    Gonadotropins;    Female rats;    Bone;   

Others  :  1220197
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-126

 received in 2013-06-09, accepted in 2014-03-11,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The effects of high and low jumping exercise intensities combined with honey on bone and gonadotrophins were investigated in eighty four 9 week-old female rats.

Methods

The experimental groups were 20 or 80 jumps per day combined with or without honey supplementation (HJ_20, HJ₈₀, J₂₀ and J₈₀), honey supplementation (H), sedentary without supplementation control (C), and baseline control (C₀) groups.

Results

Study results showed that HJ₈₀ elicited greatest beneficial effects on tibial and femoral mass, serum total calcium and alkaline phosphatase concentrations. There were significantly (p < 0.05) lower levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone concentrations in H, J₂₀, J₈₀ compared to C, with exception of HJ₂₀ and HJ₈₀. Serum luteinizing hormone concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) greater in HJ₂₀, HJ₈₀ and J₂₀ compared to J₈₀.

Conclusions

It appears that high intensity jumping exercise combined with honey supplementation resulted more discernable effects on bone. Meanwhile, honey may protect against the adverse effects induced by jumping exercise on gonadotropins in female rats.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Mosavat et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Berard A, Bravo G, Gauthier P: Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of physical activity for the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 1997, 7:331-337.
• [2]Maimoun L, Manetta J, Couret I, Dupuy A, Mariano-Goulart D, Micallef J, Peruchon E, Rossi M: The intensity level of physical exercise and the bone metabolism response. Int J Sports Med 2006, 27:105-111.
• [3]Umemura Y, Ishiko T, Yamauchi T, Kurono M, Mashiko S: Five jumps per day increase bone mass and breaking force in rats. J Bone Miner Res 1997, 12:1480-1485.
• [4]Ooi FK, Singh R, Singh HJ, Umemura Y: Minimum level of jumping exercise required to maintain exercise-induced bone gains in female rats. Osteoporos Int 2009, 20:963-972.
• [5]Tavafzadeh SS, Ooi FK, Oleksandr K, Sulaiman S: Effect of a combination of jumping exercise and honey supplementation on the mass, strength and physical dimensions of bones in young female rats. J ApiProduct ApiMedical Sci 2011, 3:26-32.
• [6]McKay HA, Petit MA, Schutz RW, Prior JC, Barr SI, Khan KM: Augmented trochanteric bone mineral density after modified physical education classes: a randomized school-based exercise intervention study in prepubescent and early pubescent children. J Pediatr 2000, 136:156-162.
• [7]MacKelvie KJ, McKay HA, Khan KM, Crocker PRE: A school-based exercise intervention augments bone mineral accrual in early pubertal girls. J Pediatr 2001, 139:501-508.
• [8]Petit MA, McKay HA, MacKelvie KJ, Heinonen A, Khan KM, Beck TJ: A randomized school-based jumping intervention confers site and maturity-specific benefits on bone structural properties in girls: a hip structural analysis study. J Bone Miner Res 2002, 17:363-372.
• [9]Petterson U, Nordstrőm P, Alfredson H, Henriksson-Larsén K, Lorentzon R: Effect of high impact activity on bone mass and size in adolescent females: a comparative study between two different types of sports. Calcif Tissue Int 2000, 67:207-214.
• [10]Witzke KA, Snow CM: Effects of plyometric jump training on bone mass in adolescent girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000, 32:1051-1057.
• [11]Matsuda JJ, Zernicke RF, Vailas AC, Pedrini VA, Pedrini-Mille A, Maynard JA: Structural and mechanical adaptation of immature bone to strenuous exercise. J Appl Physiol 1986, 60:2028-2034.
• [12]Hou CH, Salem GJ, Zernicke RF, Barnard RJ: Structural and mechanical adaptations of immature trabecular bone to strenuous exercise. J Appl Physiol 1990, 69:1309-1314.
• [13]Li KC, Zernicke RF, Barnard RJ, Li AF: Differential response of rat limb bones to strenuous exercise. J Appl Physiol 1991, 70:554-560.
• [14]Maynard JA, Pedrini-Mille A, Pedrini VA, Vailas AC: Morphological and biochemical effects of strenuous exercise on immature long bones. Iowa Orthop J 1995, 15:162-167.
• [15]Carlberg KA, Buckman MT, Peake GT, Riedesel ML: A survey of menstrual function in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1983, 51:211-222.
• [16]Barrow GW, Saha S: Menstrual irregularity and stress fractures in collegiate female distance runners. Am J Sports Med 1988, 16:209-216.
• [17]Castelo-Branco C, Reina F, Montivero AD, Colodrón M, Vanrell JA: Influence of high-intensity training and dietetic and anthropometric factors on menstrual cycle disorders in ballet dancers. Gynecol Endocrinol 2006, 22:31-35.
• [18]Valentino R, Savastano S, Tommaselli AP, D’Amore G, Dorato M, Lombardi G: The influence of intense ballet training on trabecular bone mass, hormone status, and gonadotropin structure in young women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86:4674-4678.
• [19]Mastorakos G, Pavlatou M, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Chrousos GP: Exercise and the stress system. Horm 2005, 4:73-89.
• [20]Warren MP, Perlroth NE: The effects of intense exercise on the female reproductive system. J Endocrinol 2001, 170:3-11.
• [21]Aljadi A, Kamaruddin M: Evaluation of the phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of two Malaysian floral honeys. Food Chem 2004, 85:513-518.
• [22]Mohamed M, Sirajudeen K, Swamy M, Yaacob NS, Sulaiman SA: Studies on the antioxidant properties of Tualang honey of Malaysia. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2010, 7:59-63.
• [23]Chepulis L, Starkey N: The long term effects of feeding honey compared with sucrose and a sugar free diet on weight gain, lipid profiles, and DEXA measurements in rats. J Food Sci 2008, 73:H1-H7.
• [24]Hussain NHN, Sulaiman SA, Hassan II, Kadir AA, Nor NM, Ismail SB, Yaacob LH, Zakaria R, Shafie NS, Haron J: Randomized controlled trial on the effects of tualang honey and hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) on cardiovascular risk factors, hormonal profiles and bone density among postmenopausal women: a pilot study. J Food Res 2012, 1:171-188.
• [25]Zaid SSM, Sulaiman SA, Sirajudeen KNM, Othman NH: The effects of Tualang honey on female reproductive organs, tibia bone and hormonal profile in ovariectomised rats-animal model for menopause. BMC Complement Altern Med 2010, 10:1-7. BioMed Central Full Text
• [26]Ooi FK, Tavafzadeh SS, Oleksandr K, Sulaiman SA, Chan KM, Hung LK, Hung WY: Combined jumping exercise and honey supplementation enhance tibial moment of inertia and maximum force in young female rats. Osteoporos Int 2010, 21:S675-S772.
• [27]Mohamed M, Sulaiman SA, Jaafar H, Sirajudeen KNS: Antioxidant protective effect of honey in cigarette smoke-induced testicular damage in rats. Int J Mol Sci 2011, 12:5508-5552.
• [28]Gross TS, Edwards JL, Mcleod KJ, Rubin CT: Strain gradients correlate with sites of periosteal bone formation. J Bone Miner Res 1997, 12:982-988.
• [29]Forwood M: Mechanical effects on the skeleton: are there clinical implications? Osteoporos Int 2001, 12:77-78.
• [30]Umemura Y, Nagasawa S, Honda A, Singh R: High-impact exercise frequency per week or day for osteogenic response in rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2008, 26:456-460.
• [31]Ooi FK, Singh R, Singh HJ: Jumping exercise and bone health:beneficial effects of jumping exercise on bone health. Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Muller; 2009.
• [32]Kato T, Terashima T, Yamashita T, Hatanaka Y, Honda A, Umemura Y: Effect of low-repetition jump training on bone mineral density in young women. J Appl Physiol 2006, 100:839-843.
• [33]Macdonald HM, Kontulainen SA, Khan KM, McKay HA: Is a school based physical activity intervention effective for increasing tibial bone strength in boys and girls? J Bone Miner Res 2006, 22:434-446.
• [34]Griffin I, Davila P, Abrams S: Non-digestible oligosaccharides and calcium absorption in girls with adequate calcium intakes. Br J Nutr 2002, 87:S187-S191.
• [35]Zafar TA, Weaver CM, Zhao Y, Martin BR, Wastney ME: Nondigestible oligosaccharides increase calcium absorption and suppress bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. J Nutr 2004, 134:399-402.
• [36]Ariefdjohan MW, Martin BR, Lachcik PJ, Weaver CM: Acute and chronic effects of honey and its carbohydrate constituents on calcium absorption in rats. J Agric Food Chem 2008, 56:2649-2654.
• [37]Ooi FK, Ismail N, Abdullah MY: Effects of combined aerobic dance exercise and honey supplementation on bone turnover markers in young females. Asian J Exerc Sport Sci 2011, 8:1-11.
• [38]Kishimoto K, Lynch RP, Reiger J, Yingling VR: Short-term jump activity on bone metabolism in female college-aged non-athletes. J Sports Sci Med 2012, 11:31-38.
• [39]Brommage R, Binacua C, Antille S, Carrié AL: Intestinal calcium absorption in rats is stimulated by dietary lactulose and other resistant sugars. J Nutr 1993, 123:2186-2194.
• [40]Wattel A, Kamel S, Mentaverri R, Lorget F, Prouillet C, Petit JP, Fardelonne P, Brazier M: Potent inhibitory effect of naturally occurring flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol on in vitro osteoclastic bone resorption. Biochem Pharmacol 2003, 65:35-42.
• [41]Trivedi R, Kumar S, Kumar A, Siddiqui JA, Swarnkar G, Gupta V, Kendurker A, Dwivedi AK, Romero JR, Chattopadhyay N: Kaempferol has osteogenic effect in ovariectomized adult Sprague–Dawley rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2008, 289:85-93.
• [42]Khalil MI, Alam N, Moniruzzaman M, Sulaiman SA, Gan SH: Phenolic acid composition and antioxidant properties of Malaysian honeys. J Food Sci 2011, 76:C921-C928.
• [43]Williams NI, Helmreich DL, Parfitt DB, Caston-Balderrama A, Cameron JL: Evidence for a causal role of low energy availability in the induction of menstrual cycle disturbances during strenuous exercise training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86:5184-5193.
• [44]Cumming DC, Vickovic MM, Wall SR, Fluker MR, Belcastro AN: The effect of acute exercise on pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone in women runners. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985, 153:482-485.
• [45]De Souza MJ, Miller BE, Loucks AB, Luciano AA, Pescatello LS, Campbell CG, Lasley BL: High frequency of luteal phase deficiency and anovulation in recreational women runners: blunted elevation in follicle-stimulating hormone observed during luteal-follicular transition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998, 83:4220-4232.
• [46]Loucks AB, Verdun M, Heath EM: Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women. J Appl Physiol 1998, 84:37-46.