Attributable fraction of tobacco smoking on cancer using population-based nationwide cancer incidence and mortality data in Korea

BMC Cancer

Paolo Boffetta^1,11  Mathieu Boniol³  Sue Kyung Park⁷  Young Ho Yun⁵  Eun Shil Cha⁸  Seung-Sik Hwang¹  Kyu-Won Jung⁴  Aesun Shin⁶  Eun Hye Park⁴  Hai-Rim Shin⁹  Sun Ha Jee^1,10  Sohee Park² 

[1]Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea

[2]Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea

[3]International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France

[4]Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea

[5]College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

[6]Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

[7]Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

[8]Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea

[9]Western Pacific Regional Office, World Health Organization, Manila, Philippines

[10]Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea

[11]The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

关键词: Asia;    Lifestyle;    Population attributable fraction;    Risk factor;   

Others  :  858709
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2407-14-406

 received in 2013-08-02, accepted in 2014-05-20,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Smoking is by far the most important cause of cancer that can be modified at the individual level. Cancer incidence and mortality rates in Korea are the highest among all Asian countries, and smoking prevalence in Korean men is one of the highest in developed countries. The purpose of the current study was to perform a systematic review and provide an evidence-based assessment of the burden of tobacco smoking-related cancers in the Korean population.

Methods

Sex- and cancer-specific population-attributable fractions (PAF) were estimated using the prevalence of ever-smoking and second-hand smoking in 1989 among Korean adults, respectively, and the relative risks were estimated from the meta-analysis of studies performed in the Korean population for ever-smoking and in the Asian population for passive smoking. National cancer incidence data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry and national cancer mortality data from Statistics Korea for the year 2009 were used to estimate the cancer cases and deaths attributable to tobacco smoking.

Results

Tobacco smoking was responsible for 20,239 (20.9%) cancer incident cases and 14,377 (32.9%) cancer deaths among adult men and 1,930 (2.1%) cancer incident cases and 1,351 (5.2%) cancer deaths among adult women in 2009 in Korea. In men, 71% of lung cancer deaths, 55%–72% of upper aerodigestive tract (oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus and larynx) cancer deaths, 23% of liver, 32% of stomach, 27% of pancreas, 7% of kidney and 45% of bladder cancer deaths were attributable to tobacco smoking. In women the proportion of ever-smoking-attributable lung cancer was 8.1%, while that attributable to second-hand smoking among non-smoking women was 20.5%.

Conclusions

Approximately one in three cancer deaths would be potentially preventable through appropriate control of tobacco smoking in Korean men at the population level and individual level. For Korean women, more lung cancer cases and deaths were attributable to second-hand than ever-smoking. Effective control programs against tobacco smoking should be further developed and implemented in Korea to reduce the smoking-related cancer burden.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Park et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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