Exercise therapy in adults with serious mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry

John Geddes⁴  Anthony Pelosi¹  Daniel J Smith²  Robert Pearsall³ 

[1] Regional Eating Disorders Unit, St John’s Hospital, Livingston, UK;Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;Department of Psychiatry, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, UK;Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

关键词: Physical health;    Healthy living programme;    Serious mental illness;    Physical activity;    Exercise;   

Others  :  1123632
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-14-117

 received in 2013-09-24, accepted in 2014-03-26,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Individuals with serious mental illness are at a higher risk of physical ill health. Mortality rates are at least twice those of the general population with higher levels of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, diabetes, and respiratory illness. Although genetics may have a role in the physical health problems of these patients, lifestyle and environmental factors such as levels of smoking, obesity, poor diet, and low levels of physical activity also play a prominent part.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of exercise interventions on individuals with serious mental illness.

Searches were made in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Biological Abstracts on Ovid, and The Cochrane Library (January 2009, repeated January 2013) through to February 2013.

Results

Eight RCTs were identified in the systematic search. Six compared exercise versus usual care. One study assessed the effect of a cycling programme versus muscle strengthening and toning exercises. The final study compared the effect of adding specific exercise advice and motivational skills to a simple walking programme. The review found that exercise improved levels of exercise activity (n = 13, standard mean difference [SMD] 1.81, CI 0.44 to 3.18, p = 0.01). No beneficial effect was found on negative (n = 84, SMD = -0.54, CI -1.79 to 0.71, p = 0.40) or positive symptoms of schizophrenia (n = 84, SMD = -1.66, CI -3.78 to 0.45, p = 0.12). No change was found on body mass index compared with usual care (n = 151, SMD = -0.24, CI -0.56 to 0.08, p = 0.14), or body weight (n = 77, SMD = 0.13, CI -0.32 to 0.58, p = 0.57). No beneficial effect was found on anxiety and depressive symptoms (n = 94, SMD = -0.26, CI -0.91 to 0.39, p = 0.43), or quality of life in respect of physical and mental domains.

Conclusions

This systematic review showed that exercise therapies can lead to a modest increase in levels of exercise activity but overall there was no noticeable change for symptoms of mental health, body mass index, and body weight.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Pearsall et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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