Cone-beam computed tomography study of root and canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a western Chinese population

BMC Medical Imaging

Tao Hu DDS¹  Hu Wang²  Yuan-Yuan Tian¹  Ru Zhang¹  Ke-Zeng Li¹  Bin Guo⁴  Xuan Yu³ 

[1]State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Departments of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China

[2]Department of Radiology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

[3]Department of Stomatology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R.China

[4]Institute of Stomatology of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China

关键词: Root canal configuration;    Morphology;    Mandibular premolar;    Cone-beam computed tomography;   

Others  :  1092054
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2342-12-18

 received in 2011-07-27, accepted in 2012-07-20,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Traditional radiography is limited in its ability to give reliable information on the number and morphology of root canals. The application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides a non-invasive three-dimensional confirmatory diagnosis as a complement to conventional radiography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root and canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a western Chinese population using CBCT scanning.

Methods

The sample included 149 CBCT images comprising 178 mandibular first premolars and 178 second premolars. The tooth position, number of roots and canals, and canal configuration according to Vertucci’s classification were recorded.

Results

The results showed that 98% of mandibular first premolars had one root and 2% had two roots; 87.1% had one canal, 11.2% had two canals and 0.6% had three canals. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 1.1%. All mandibular second premolars had one root; 97.2% had one canal and 2.2% had two canals. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 0.6%.

Conclusions

The prevalence of multiple canals in mandibular first premolars was mainly of Type V, and mandibular second premolars had a low rate of canal variation in this western Chinese population. Root canal bifurcation occurred at the middle or apical third in most bicanal mandibular premolars. CBCT scanning can be used in the management of mandibular premolars with complex canal morphology.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Yu et al.;

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Torabinejad M, Walton RE: Principles and Practice of Endodontics. 4th edition. Saunders, St. Louis; 2009:216-218.
• [2]Slowey RR: Root canal anatomy: road map to successful endodontics. Dent Clin North Am 1979, 23:555-573.
• [3]Baisden MK, Kulild JC, Weller RN: Root canal configuration of the mandibular first premolar. J Endod 1992, 18:505-508.
• [4]Vertucci FJ: Root canal morphology and its relationship to endodontic procedure. Endodontic Topics 2005, 10:3-29.
• [5]Rodig T, Hulsmann M: Diagnosis and root canal treatment of a mandibular second premolar with three root canals. Int Endod J 2003, 36:912-919.
• [6]De Moor RJ, Calberson FL: Root canal treatment in a mandibular second premolar with three root canals. J Endod 2005, 31:310-313.
• [7]Cohen S, Burns RC: Pathways of the Pulp. 8th edition. CV Mosby, St Louis; 2006:216-219.
• [8]Tzanetakis GN, Lagoudakos TA, Kontakiotis EG: Endodontic treatment of a mandibular second premolar with four canals using operating microscope. J Endod 2007, 33:318-321.
• [9]Fan B, Yang J, Gutmann JL, et al.: Root canal systems in mandibular first premolars with C-shaped root configurations. Part I: micro computed tomography mapping of the radicular groove and associated root canal cross sections. J Endod 2008, 34:1337-1341.
• [10]Tachibana H, Matsumoto K: Applicability of x-ray computerized tomography in endodontics. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990, 6:16-20.
• [11]Patel S, Dawood A, Pitt Ford T, et al.: The potential applications of cone beam computed tomography in the management of endodontic problems. Int Endod J 2007, 40:818-830.
• [12]Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Ahuja R, et al.: Cone-beam computed tomography study of root and canal morphology of maxillary first and second molars in an Indian population. J Endod 2010, 36(10):1622-1727.
• [13]Huang CC, Chang YC, Chuang MC, et al.: Evaluation of root and canal systems of mandibular first molars in Taiwanese individuals using cone-beam computed tomography. J Formos Med Assoc 2010, 109:303-308.
• [14]Matherne RP, Angelopoulos C, Kulild JC, et al.: Use of cone-beam computed tomography to identify root canal systems in vitro. J Endod 2008, 34:87-89.
• [15]Zhang R, Yang H, Yu X, et al.: Use of CBCT to identify the morphology of maxillary permanent molar teeth in a Chinese subpopulation. Int Endod J 2011, 44(2):1620-169.
• [16]Mozzo P, Procacci C, Tacconi A, et al.: A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results. Eur Radiol 1999, 8:1558-1564.
• [17]Hashimoto K, Kawashima S, Kameoka S, et al.: Comparison of image validity between cone beam computed tomography for dental use and multidetector row helical computed tomography. Dentomaxillofac Rad 2007, 36:465-471.
• [18]Cleghorn BM, Christie WH, Dong CC: The root and root canal morphology of the human mandibular first premolar: a literature review. J Endod 2007, 33:509-516.
• [19]Cleghorn BM, Christie WH, Dong CC: The root and root canal morphology of the human mandibular second premolar: a literature review. J Endod 2007, 33:1031-1037.
• [20]Lu TY, Yang SF, Pai SF: Complicated root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar in a Chinese population using the cross section method. J Endod 2006, 32:932-936.
• [21]Khedmat S, Assadian H, Saravani AA: Root canal morphology of the mandibular first premolars in an Iranian population using cross-sections and radiography. J Endod 2010, 36(2):214-217.
• [22]Vertucci FJ: Root canal morphology of mandibular premolars. J Am Dent Assoc. 1978, 97:47-50.
• [23]Pineda F, Kuttler Y: Mesiodistal and buccolingual roengenographic investigation of 7275 root canals. Oral Surg Med Oral Pathol 1972, 33:101-110.
• [24]Green D: Double canals in single roots. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1973, 35:689-696.
• [25]Zillich R, Dawson J: Root canal morphology of mandibular first and second premolars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1973, 36:738-744.
• [26]Miyoshi S, Fujiwara J, Tsuji YT, Yamamoto K: Bifurcated root canals and crown diameter. J Dent Res 1977, 56:1425.
• [27]Trope M, Elfenbein L, Tronstad L: Mandibular premolars with more than one root canal in different race groups. J Endod 1986, 12:343-345.
• [28]Sert S, Aslanalp V, Tanalp J: Investigation of the root canal configurations of mandibular permanent teeth in the Turkish population. Int Endod J 2004, 37:494-499.
• [29]Vertucci FJ: Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984, 58:589-599.