Predictors of Oral Rehydration Therapy use among under-five children with diarrhea in Eastern Ethiopia: a community based case control study

BMC Public Health

Alemayehu Worku²  Yemane Berhane³  Bezatu Mengistie¹ 

[1] College of Health Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 1570, Harar, Ethiopia;School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

关键词: Oral rehydration therapy;    Predictors;    Diarrhea;    Case control study;   

Others  :  1162779
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-1029

 received in 2012-06-12, accepted in 2012-11-21,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Rehydration therapy is a critical intervention to save the lives of children during the episodes of diarrhea. However, millions of children die every year due to failure to replace fluid effectively. The objective of this study was to identify the predictors of Oral Rehydration Therapy use among under-five children with diarrhea.

Method

A community based unmatched case control study was conducted in Kersa district, Eastern Ethiopia, in February, 2011. The cases were 241 under-five children with diarrhea in the preceding two weeks before the survey and who had received Oral Rehydration Therapy while the controls were 253 under-five children with diarrhea in the preceding two weeks before the survey and who had not received Oral Rehydration Therapy. The cases and the controls were compared to find out the factors that were associated with the utilization of Oral Rehydration Therapy.

Result

The study revealed that caregivers’ previous experience of Oral Rehydration Therapy use (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI = 2.63–6.22), seeking advice or treatment from health facilities, (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI = 2.06–5.11) and knowledgeof Oral Rehydration Therapy (AOR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.97–4.85) were found to be the positive determinants of Oral Rehydration Therapy use. Perception of teething as a cause of diarrhea was negatively associated with the utilization of Oral rehydration Therapy (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.37–0.98).

Conclusion

Health education should be strengthened on the benefit, preparation, early initiation of Oral Rehydration Therapy and the causes of diarrhea. Attention should be given to those who do not have previous experience of Oral Rehydration Therapy use and have less frequent contacts with the health facilities.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Mengistie et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Black RE, Morris SS, Bryce J: Where and why are 10 million children dying every year? Lancet 2003, 361:2226-2234.
• [2]Jones G, Steketee RW, Black RE, Bhutta ZA, Morriss SS: Child survival study group. How many child deaths can we prevent this year? Lancet 2003, 362:65-71.
• [3]Bryce J, Boschi-pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE: The child health epidemiology reference group. WHO estimates the cause of death in children. Lancet 2005, 365:1147-1152.
• [4]Fischer Walker CL, Friberg IK, Binkin N, Young M, Walker N: Scaling up diarrhea prevention and treatment interventions: a lives saved tool analysis. PLoS Med 2011, 8(3):1-8.
• [5]United Nations Children’s Fund / World Health Organization: diarrhea: Why Children are Still Dying and What can be Done. New York: UNICEF/WHO; 2009.
• [6]Ministry of health: National Strategy for Child Survival in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: MOH; 2005.
• [7]Fischer Walker CL, Perin J, Aryee MJ, Boschi-Pinto C, Robert E, Black RE: Diarrhea incidence in low- and middle-income countries in 1990 and 2010: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2012, 12(220):1-7.
• [8]World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund: Clinical Management of Acute diarrhea. New York: WHO/UNICEF; 2004.
• [9]Adimoral GN, Ikefuna AN, Ilechekwa G: Home managment of childhood diarrhea. Niger J Clin Pract 2011, 14(2):237-241.
• [10]World Health Organization: Oral Rehydration Salts: Production of the New ORS. Geneva: WHO; 2006. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_FCH_CAH_06.1.pdf webcite
• [11]Forsberg BC, Petzold MG, Göran Tomson G, Allebeck P: diarrhea case management in low- and middle-income countries-Unfinished agenda. Bull World Health Organ 2007, 85:42-48.
• [12]Mohammed A, David P, Peter U: Determinants of use rate of oral rehydration therapy for management of childhood diarrhea in rural Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr 2000, 18(2):103-108.
• [13]Ram PK, Choi M, Blum LS, Wamae AW, Mintz ED, Bartlett AV: Declines in case management of diarrhea among children less than five years old. Bull World Health Organ 2008, 86(3):E-F.
• [14]Sodemann MS, Molbak JK, Martins C, Aaby P: Managment of childhood diarrhea and use of Oral Rehyderation Salts in suburban west African Community. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999, 60(1):167-171.
• [15]Asakitikpi AE: Acute diarrhea: mothers’ knowledge of ORT and its usage in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. Ethno Med 2011, 40(2):125-130.
• [16]Omotade OO, Adeyemo AA, Kayode CM, Oladepo O: Treatment of childhood diarrhea in Nigeria: need for adaptation of health policy and programmes to cultural norms. J Health Popul Nutr 2000, 18(3):139-144.
• [17]Olson KC, Blum LS, Patel KN, Oria PA, Feikin DR, Laserson KF, Wamae AW, Bartlett AV, Breiman RF, Ram PK: Community case management of childhood diarrhea in a setting with declining use of oral rehydration therapy: findings from cross-sectional studies among primary household caregivers, Kenya, 2007. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011, 85(6):1134-1140.
• [18]Berisha M, Hoxha-Gashi S, Gashi M, Ramadani N: Maternal practice on management of acute diarrhea among children under five years old in kosova. TAF Prev Med Bull 2009, 8(5):369-372.
• [19]Ene-Obong HN, Iroegbu CU, Uwaegbute AC: Perceived causes and management of diarrhea in young children by market women in Enugu state, Nigeria. J Health Popul Nutr 2000, 18(2):97-102.
• [20]Central Statistics Authority: Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Addis Ababa: CSA; 2011.
• [21]Central Statistics Authority: Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005 Report. Addis Ababa: CSA; 2006.
• [22]Central Statistics Authority: Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2000 Report. Addis Ababa: CSA; 2000.
• [23]WHO: The Treatment of diarrhea. A Manual for Physicians and Other Senior Health Workers. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
• [24]Ministry of health: Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illness (IMNCI). Adiss Ababa: MOH; 2008.
• [25]World Health Organization/United Nation Children’s Fund: Diarrhea Treatment Guidelines Including new Recommendation for the use of ORS and Zinc Supplementation for Clinical Based Health Workers. Geneva: WHO/UNICEF; 2005.
• [26]Pan Y, Jackson RT: Ethinic difference in the relationship between acute inflammation and serum ferritin in US adult males. Epidemiol Infect 2008, 136:421-431.
• [27]World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Information, Division of Child and Adolescent Health and Development. Geneva: WHO/UNICEF; 1999.
• [28]McLennan JD: Home management of childhood diarrhea in a poor periurban community in Dominican Republic. J Health Popul Nutr 2002, 20(3):245-254.
• [29]Blum LS, Oria PA, Olson CK, Breiman FR, Ram PK: Examining the use of oral rehydration salts and other oral rehydration therapy for childhood diarrhea in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011, 85(6):1126-1133.
• [30]Sood S, Sood M: Teething: myths and facts. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010, 35(1):9-13.
• [31]Uti OG, Savage KO, Ekanem EE: Maternal Beliefs About Infant Teething. Health Care: Journal of Community Medicine and Primary; 2005:17(1).
• [32]Munthali AC: Change and continuity in the managment of diarrheal diseases in under five childern in rural Malawi. Malawi Med J 2005, 16(2):43-46.
• [33]Pancharuniti N, Shiyalap K, Dung NM, Wongsawass S: Maternal practice on management of acute diarrhea among children under five years old, in Nam Dinh, Vietnam. J Public Health Dev 2004, 2:31-40.
• [34]Ansari M, Palaian S, Ibrahim MM: The role of mothers in the management of childhood diarrhea in Nepal. Australas Med J 2009, 1(14):235-238.
• [35]Rasania SK, Singh D, Pathi S, Matta S, Singh S: Knowledge and attitude of mothers about oral rehydration solution in few urban slum of Delhi. Health Popul Perspect Issues 2005, 28(2):100-107.
• [36]Kudlova E: Home management of acute diarrhea in Czech children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010, 50(5):510-514.