Mental health screening tools in correctional institutions: a systematic review

BMC Psychiatry

Kwame McKenzie¹  Alexander IF Simpson¹  Ian Colman²  Michael S Martin² 

[1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H4, Canada;Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada

关键词: Jail;    Prison;    Corrections;    Inmates;    Screening;    Mental health;   

Others  :  1123919
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-13-275

 received in 2013-04-22, accepted in 2013-10-22,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Past studies have identified poor rates of detection of mental illness among inmates. Consequently, mental health screening is a common feature to various correctional mental health strategies and best practice guidelines. However, there is little guidance to support the selection of an appropriate tool. This systematic review compared the sensitivity and specificity of mental health screening tools among adult jail or prison populations.

Methods

A systematic review of MEDLINE and PsycINFO up to 2011, with additional studies identified from a search of reference lists. Only studies involving adult jail or prison populations, with an independent measure of mental illness, were included. Studies in forensic settings to determine fitness to stand trial or criminal responsibility were excluded. Twenty-four studies met all inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review. All articles were coded by two independent authors. Study quality was coded by the lead author.

Results

Twenty-two screening tools were identified. Only six tools have replication studies: the Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS), the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Men (CMHS-M), the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Women (CMHS-W), the England Mental Health Screen (EMHS), the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT), and the Referral Decision Scale (RDS). A descriptive summary is provided in lieu of use of meta-analytic techniques due to the lack of replication studies and methodological variations across studies.

Conclusions

The BJMHS, CMHS-M, CMHS-W, EMHS and JSAT appear to be the most promising tools. Future research should consider important contextual factors in the implementation of a screening tool that have received little attention. Randomized or quasi-randomized trials are recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of screening to improve the detection of mental illness compared to standard practices.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Martin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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