Comparative genomics of transport proteins in developmental bacteria: Myxococcus xanthus and Streptomyces coelicolor

BMC Microbiology

Milton H Saier¹  Vamsee S Reddy¹  Philipp CG Paparoditis¹  Ake Vastermark¹  Daniel C Yee¹  Gina H Nalbandian¹  Ilya Getsin¹ 

[1] Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA

关键词: Genome analyses;    Myxococcus;    Streptomyces;    Transport proteins;   

Others  :  1142497
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2180-13-279

 received in 2013-07-19, accepted in 2013-11-20,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Two of the largest fully sequenced prokaryotic genomes are those of the actinobacterium, Streptomyces coelicolor (Sco), and the δ-proteobacterium, Myxococcus xanthus (Mxa), both differentiating, sporulating, antibiotic producing, soil microbes. Although the genomes of Sco and Mxa are the same size (~9 Mbp), Sco has 10% more genes that are on average 10% smaller than those in Mxa.

Results

Surprisingly, Sco has 93% more identifiable transport proteins than Mxa. This is because Sco has amplified several specific types of its transport protein genes, while Mxa has done so to a much lesser extent. Amplification is substrate- and family-specific. For example, Sco but not Mxa has amplified its voltage-gated ion channels but not its aquaporins and mechano-sensitive channels. Sco but not Mxa has also amplified drug efflux pumps of the DHA2 Family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) (49 versus 6), amino acid transporters of the APC Family (17 versus 2), ABC-type sugar transport proteins (85 versus 6), and organic anion transporters of several families. Sco has not amplified most other types of transporters. Mxa has selectively amplified one family of macrolid exporters relative to Sco (16 versus 1), consistent with the observation that Mxa makes more macrolids than does Sco.

Conclusions

Except for electron transport carriers, there is a poor correlation between the types of transporters found in these two organisms, suggesting that their solutions to differentiative and metabolic needs evolved independently. A number of unexpected and surprising observations are presented, and predictions are made regarding the physiological functions of recognizable transporters as well as the existence of yet to be discovered transport systems in these two important model organisms and their relatives. The results provide insight into the evolutionary processes by which two dissimilar prokaryotes evolved complexity, particularly through selective chromosomal gene amplification.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Getsin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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