Factors affecting vitamin D status in different populations in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: the São PAulo vitamin D Evaluation Study (SPADES)

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Marise Lazaretti-Castro²  Luiz Roberto Ramos³  Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo¹  Lilian Fukusima Hayashi²  Ilda Sizue Kunii²  Gabriela Luporini Saraiva²  Sergio Setsuo Maeda² 

[1] Department of Medicine, Geriatrics, UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

关键词: Ultraviolet radiation;    Seasonal influence;    Parathyroid Hormone;    25 hydroxyvitamin D;   

Others  :  1085903
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6823-13-14

 received in 2012-10-05, accepted in 2013-02-21,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Hypovitaminosis D is a common condition among elderly individuals in temperate-climate countries, with a clear seasonal variation on 25 hydroxyvitamin D [(25(OH)D] levels, increasing after summer and decreasing after winter, but there are few data from sunny countries such as Brazil. We aimed to evaluate 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and its determining factors, in individuals in the city of São Paulo belonging to different age groups and presenting different sun exposure habits.

Methods

591 people were included as follows: 177 were living in institutions (NURSING HOMES, NH, 76.2 ± 9.0 years), 243 were individuals from the community (COMMUNITY DWELLINGS, CD, 79.6 ± 5.3 years), 99 were enrolled in physical activity program designed for the elderly (PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, PA, 67.6 ± 5.4 years) and 72 were young (YOUNG, 23.9 ± 2.8 years). Ionized calcium, PTH, 25(OH)D, creatinine and albumin were evaluated. ANOVA, Mann–Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests, Pearson Linear Correlation and Multiple Regression were used in the statistical analysis.

Results

25(OH)D mean values during winter for the different groups were 36.1 ± 21.2 nmol/L (NH), 44.1 ± 24.0 nmol/L (CD), 78.9 ± 30.9 nmol/L (PA) and 69.6 ± 26.2 nmol/L (YOUNG) (p < 0.001) while during summer they were 42.1 ± 25.9 nmol/L, 59.1 ± 29.6 nmol/L, 91.6 ± 31.7 nmol/L and 103.6 ± 29.3 nmol/L, respectively (p < 0.001). The equation which predicts PTH values based on 25(OH)D concentration is PTH = 10 + 104.24.e^{-(vitD-12.5)/62.36} and the 25(OH)D value above which correlation with PTH is lost is 75.0 nmol/L. In a multiple regression analysis having 25(OH)D concentration as the depending variable, the determining factors were PTH, ionized calcium and month of the year (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Much lower 25(OH)D values were found for the older individuals when compared to younger individuals. This finding is possibly due to age and habit-related differences in sunlight exposure. The existence of seasonal effects on 25(OH)D concentration throughout the year was evident for all the groups studied, except for the nursing home group. According to our data, PTH values tend to plateau above 75 nmol/L.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Maeda et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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