Functional genomics of acclimation and adaptation in response to thermal stress in Daphnia

BMC Genomics

Michael E Pfrender¹  John K Colbourne³  Kenneth B Dick⁵  Patricia J Williams²  Jacqueline Lopez¹  Erliang Zeng⁴  Lev Y Yampolsky⁵ 

[1] Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;Present address: School of Natural Sciences Lenoir-Rhyne University, Hickory, NC 28603, USA;Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Present address: Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37641, USA

关键词: Canalization;    Metabolic compensation;    GxE;    Plasticity;    Temperature;    Thermal tolerance;    Gene expression;   

Others  :  1136337
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2164-15-859

 received in 2014-07-03, accepted in 2014-09-23,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Gene expression regulation is one of the fundamental mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and is expected to respond to selection in conditions favoring phenotypic response. The observation that many organisms increase their stress tolerance after acclimation to moderate levels of stress is an example of plasticity which has been long hypothesized to be based on adaptive changes in gene expression. We report genome-wide patterns of gene expression in two heat-tolerant and two heat-sensitive parthenogenetic clones of the zooplankton crustacean Daphnia pulex exposed for three generations to either optimal (18°C) or substressful (28°C) temperature.

Results

A large number of genes responded to temperature and many demonstrated a significant genotype-by-environment (GxE) interaction. Among genes with a significant GxE there were approximately equally frequent instances of canalization, i.e. stronger plasticity in heat-sensitive than in heat-tolerant clones, and of enhancement of plasticity along the evolutionary vector toward heat tolerance. The strongest response observed is the across-the-board down-regulation of a variety of genes occurring in heat-tolerant, but not in heat-sensitive clones. This response is particularly obvious among genes involved in core metabolic pathways and those responsible for transcription, translation and DNA repair.

Conclusions

The observed down-regulation of metabolism, consistent with previous findings in yeast and Drosophila, may reflect a general compensatory stress response. The associated down-regulation of DNA repair pathways potentially creates a trade-off between short-term benefits of survival at high temperature and long-term costs of accelerated mutation accumulation.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Yampolsky et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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