Bioassay-guided evaluation of Dioscorea villosa – an acute and subchronic toxicity, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory approach

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Adriano Antunes Souza Araújo³  Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior³  Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Jr¹  Édica Ramone Andrade Oliveira²  Valéria Regina de Souza Moraes²  Paulo Cesar de Lima Nogueira²  Rosana Souza Siqueira Barreto³  Enrik Barbosa de Almeida¹  Dênisson Lima Oliveira¹  Mairim Russo Serafini³  Marcelia G Dória Melo³  Adriana Karla Lima¹  Claudio Moreira Lima¹ 

[1] Tiradentes University, Aracaju, SE CEP 49000-000, Brazil;Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil;Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão-SE CEP 49000-100, Brazil

关键词: Anti-inflammatory effect;    Antinociceptive effect;    Toxicity;    Dioscorea villosa;   

Others  :  1221051
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-13-195

 received in 2012-08-08, accepted in 2013-07-17,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Dioscorea villosa (DV) has been used in Brazil as an alternative medicine to attenuate menopause symptoms, as well as for the treatment of joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis. In spite of the popular use of DV for the treatment of various disorders, there are limited scientific data regarding safety aspects of this herb. In this regard, we carried out to evaluated both antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental models and assess the toxic effects of the acute (single dose) and subchronic (30 days) oral administration of dry extract of Dioscorea villosa in rodents.

Methods

The LC analyses were performed to assess the presence of the diosgenin in samples of DV. The antinociceptive study of DV was performed using models of acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory study was accomplished by leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. A dry extract of DV was tested at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (per os or p.o.). The toxicological properties of the dry extract were evaluated by toxicity assays of acute (5 g/kg, single dose) and subchronic (1 g/kg/day, 30 days) treatment. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were studied. The results are expressed as mean ± S.D., and statistical analysis of the data were performed with the Student’s t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. In all cases differences were considered significant if p < 0.05.

Results

HPLC-DAD analysis of the extract from DV revealed the presence of diosgenin as the major compound. Doses of 200 and 400 mg⁄kg significantly reduced the amount of acetic acid-induced writhing in relation to the vehicle (p < 0.0001). In the first phase, using the formalin-induced neurogenic pain test, only the 400 mg/kg dose of DV showed significant inhibition of neurogenic pain (p < 0.001). In the second phase, 200 and 400 mg/kg of DV showed significant inhibition of inflammatory pain (p < 0.0001). Significant inhibition of leukocyte migration was observed with doses of 100 (p < 0.001), 200 (p < 0.01) and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.01). Haematological, biochemical and histopathological data obtained in both acute and subchronic toxicological assays revealed only unremarkable changes, which are unlikely to indicate DV toxicity with oral administration.

Conclusion

We found that DV possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties in rodent models. In addition, no acute or subchronic toxicity was evident when the herbal extract was administered orally. These results supporting the folkloric usage of the plant to treat various inflammatory diseases.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Lima et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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