Incidence, microbiology, and patient characteristics of skin and soft-tissue infections in a U.S. population: a retrospective population-based study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Roger Baxter²  Jose Antonio Suaya³  Gary Thomas Ray¹ 

[1] Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA;Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center and The Permanente Medical Group, 1 Kaiser Plaza, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA;Health Outcomes, North America Vaccine Development, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 16th Street, 200 N, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA

关键词: Epidemiology;    Incidence;    Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus;    Skin and soft-tissue infections;   

Others  :  1148065
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-13-252

 received in 2013-01-11, accepted in 2013-05-23,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are commonly occurring infections with wide-ranging clinical manifestations, from mild to life-threatening. There are few population-based studies of SSTIs in the period after the rapid increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphyloccus aureus (MRSA).

Methods

We used electronic databases to describe the incidence, microbiology, and patient characteristics of clinically-diagnosed skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among members of a Northern California integrated health plan. We identified demographic risk factors associated with SSTIs and MRSA infection.

Results

During the three-year study period from 2009 to 2011, 376,262 individuals experienced 471,550 SSTI episodes, of which 23% were cultured. Among cultured episodes, 54% were pathogen-positive. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was isolated in 81% of pathogen-positive specimens, of which nearly half (46%) were MRSA. The rate of clinically-diagnosed SSTIs in this population was 496 per 10,000 person-years. After adjusting for age group, gender, race/ethnicity and diabetes, Asians and Hispanics were at reduced risk of SSTIs compared to whites, while diabetics were at substantially higher risk compared to non-diabetics. There were strong age group by race/ethnicity interactions, with African Americans aged 18 to <50 years being disproportionately at risk for SSTIs compared to persons in that age group belonging to other race/ethnicity groups. Compared to Whites, S. aureus isolates of African-Americans and Hispanics were more likely to be MRSA (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.79, Confidence Interval (CI): 1.67 to 1.92, and, OR: 1.24, CI: 1.18 to 1.31, respectively), while isolates from Asians were less likely to be MRSA (OR: 0.73, CI: 0.68 to 0.78).

Conclusions

SSTIs represent a significant burden to the health care system. The majority of culture-positive SSTIs were caused by S. aureus, and almost half of the S. aureus SSTIs were methicillin-resistant. The reasons for African-Americans having a higher likelihood, and Asians a lower likelihood, for their S. aureus isolates to be methicillin-resistant, should be further investigated.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Ray et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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