Early childhood caries trends and surveillance shortcomings in the Czech Republic

BMC Public Health

Zdeněk Broukal¹  Hynek Pikhart²  Erika Lenčová¹ 

[1]Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine - 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, the Czech Republic

[2]Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK

关键词: Oral health surveillance;    Primary dentition;    Caries experience;    Early childhood caries;   

Others  :  1163428
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-547

 received in 2012-02-01, accepted in 2012-07-24,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Despite the decline in childhood caries prevalence, seen particularly in 1980s, in recent years there have been reports that the declining trend has stopped or even reversed in some countries. The aim of the study was to analyse data from previous epidemiological studies on early childhood caries in the Czech Republic, conduct a secondary analysis of trend in dental caries prevalence, and discuss issues related to national oral health surveillance.

Methods

Since the 1990s, caries prevalence in preschool children was monitored by two independent bodies: Institute of Health Information and Statistics (IHIS) that conducted 5 cross-sectional surveys over the period 1994–2006, and Institute of Dental Research (IDR) that conducted 4 studies over the years 1998–2010. Both study series differed in methods of sample selection and approaches to examiner training. For the assessment of the caries prevalence trends, regression modelling was used for the following oral-health indicators: caries experience, mean number of teeth with untreated caries (dt) and percentage of caries-free children.

Results

In both study series, a significant overall trend of declining caries experience and level of untreated caries, and an increasing trend of percentage of caries-free children was observed (p < 0.05). In IHIS studies, caries experience reduced from 3.5 to 2.7; dt reduced from 2.2 to 1.5 and a proportion of caries-free children increased from 23.9 to 42.2%. In IDR studies, caries experience reduced from 3.7 to 2.98; dt reduced from 2.5 to 2.1 and a proportion of caries-free children increased from 26.7 to 44.9%.

Conclusions

Both study series identified a significant decline of caries prevalence particularly in the 1990s and early 2000s. By the end of the investigated period, flattening of the caries decline was observed. The positive trend was observed in the absence of any systematic preventive initiatives on a population level. With respect to the above the authors assume that in the Czech Republic there still is a potential for further caries reduction in preschool population. This, however, cannot be expected without any health policy interventions. Oral health surveillance in the Czech Republic should be promoted by competent regulatory authorities.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Lenčová et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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