Characterizing severe obesity in children and youth referred for weight management

BMC Pediatrics

Geoff D C Ball⁴  Catherine B Chan²  Diana R Mager⁶  Rajdeep S Padwal¹  Kathryn A Ambler³  Hebah A Salawi⁵ 

[1] Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, CANADA;Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, CANADA;Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5K0L4, CANADA;8B, Pediatric Centre for Weight and Health, Edmonton General Continuing Care Centre, 11111 Jasper Ave, Edmonton, AB T5K0L4, CANADA;Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, CANADA;Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, CANADA

关键词: Canada;    Physical activity;    Nutrition;    Cardiometabolic risk;    Pediatric;    Severe obesity;   

Others  :  1138768
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2431-14-154

 received in 2014-02-03, accepted in 2014-06-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Severe obesity (SO) in pediatrics has become increasing prevalent in recent decades.

The objective of our study was to examine differences in demographic, anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lifestyle variables in children and youth with SO versus their less overweight/obese (OW/OB) peers.

Methods

A retrospective medical record review of 6-19 year old participants enrolled in an outpatient pediatric weight management clinic was conducted. SO (body mass index [BMI] ≥99^th percentile) and OW/OB (BMI ≥85^th and <99^th percentile) groups were created according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions. Demographic, anthropometric, cardiometabolic and lifestyle data reported at baseline (pre-intervention) were retrieved.

Results

Of the 345 participants, most were girls (56.2%), Caucasian (78.7%), and had family incomes > $50,000/year (65.7%). The SO group (n = 161) had lower HDL-cholesterol and higher liver enzymes, insulin resistance and blood pressure than the OW/OB group (n = 184; all p < 0.01). They also reported higher total energy intakes, fewer steps/day, less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and more leisure time screen time (all p < 0.02) than their leaner peers. Compared to the OW/OB group, a higher proportion of individuals in the SO group possessed cardiometabolic risk factors, including high triglycerides (45.8% vs 58.5%), alanine aminotransferase (55.4% vs 81.4%), insulin resistance (55.6% vs 82.1%), systolic blood pressure (11.5% vs 27.3%), diastolic blood pressure (17.8% vs 30.0%), and low HDL-cholesterol (44.6% vs 64.6%; all p < 0.02). Aside from the ~75% of participants (groups combined) who met the daily recommended intakes of grain and meat products, <50% of boys and girls met any of the remaining nutrition and physical activity-related recommendations. Compared to the OW/OB group, greater proportions of children and youth in the SO group failed to meet moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (48.4% vs 31.9%) and leisure-time-screen-time recommendations (43.4% vs 28.3%; both p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Children and youth with SO have a worse cardiometabolic profile and less favorable lifestyle habits than their OW/OB peers. These differences emphasize the heightened obesity-related health risks associated with SO in the pediatric years.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Salawi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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