Infant feeding bottle design, growth and behaviour: results from a randomised trial

BMC Research Notes

A Lucas³  A Khakoo¹  R Nicholl²  K Kennedy³  MS Fewtrell³ 

[1]The Hillingdon Hospital, Uxbridge, UK

[2]Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, London, UK

[3]MRC Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK

关键词: behaviour;    milk intake;    growth;    breast;    bottle;    Infant feeding;   

Others  :  1166576
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-5-150

 received in 2011-12-22, accepted in 2012-03-16,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Whether the design of an anti-vacuum infant feeding bottle influences infant milk intake, growth or behavior is unknown, and was the subject of this randomized trial.

Methods

Subjects

63 (36 male) healthy, exclusively formula-fed term infants.

Intervention

Randomisation to use Bottle A (n = 31), one-way air valve: Philips Avent) versus Bottle B (n = 32), internal venting system: Dr Browns). 74 breast-fed reference infants were recruited, with randomisation (n = 24) to bottle A (n = 11) or B (n = 13) if bottle-feeding was subsequently introduced.

Randomisation

stratified by gender and parity; computer-based telephone randomisation by independent clinical trials unit.

Setting

Infant home.

Primary outcome measure

infant weight gain to 4 weeks.

Secondary outcomes

(i) milk intake (ii) infant behaviour measured at 2 weeks (validated 3-day diary); (iii) risk of infection; (iv) continuation of breastfeeding following introduction of mixed feeding.

Results

Number analysed for primary outcome

Bottle A n = 29, Bottle B n = 25.

Primary outcome

There was no significant difference in weight gain between randomised groups (0-4 weeks Bottle A 0.74 (SD 1.2) SDS versus bottle B 0.51 (0.39), mean difference 0.23 (95% CI -0.31 to 0.77).

Secondary outcomes

Infants using bottle A had significantly less reported fussing (mean 46 versus 74 minutes/day, p < 0.05) than those using bottle B. There was no significant difference in any other outcome measure.

Breast-fed reference group

There were no significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes between breast-fed and formula fed infants. The likelyhood of breastfeeding at 3 months was not significantly different in infants subsequently randomised to bottle A or B.

Conclusion

Bottle design may have short-term effects on infant behaviour which merit further investigation. No significant effects were seen on milk intake or growth; confidence in these findings is limited by the small sample size and this needs confirmation in a larger study.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials.gov NCT00325208.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Fewtrell et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Lucas A, St James-Roberts I: Colic, Crying, Fussing and Feeding. In Colic and Excessive Crying. Report of the 105th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research. Colombus, Ohio: Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories; 1997:68-77.
• [2]Brown CE, Magnuson B: On the physics of the infant feeding bottle and middle ear sequela: Ear disease in infants can be associated with bottle feeding. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2000, 54:13-20.
• [3]Freeman JV, Cole TJ, Chinn S, Jones PR, White EM, Preece MA: Cross sectional stature and weight reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995, 73:17-24.
• [4]Lucas A, James-Roberts I: Crying, fussing and colic behaviour in breast-and bottle-fed infants. Early Hum Dev 1998, 53(1):9-18.
• [5]St James-Roberts I, Hurry J, Bowyer J: Objective confirmation of crying durations in infants referred for excessive crying. Arch Dis Child 1993, 68:82-84.
• [6]St James-Roberts I, Conroy S, Wilsher K: Bases for maternal perceptions of infant crying and colic behaviour. Arch Dis Child 1996, 75:375-384.
• [7]Singhal A, Lucas A: Early origins of cardiovascular disease: is there a unifying hypothesis? Lancet 2004, 363:1642-1645.
• [8]Forsyth BW, Leventhal JM, McCarthy PL: Mothers' perceptions of problems of feeding and crying behaviour. Am J Dis Child 1985, 139:269-272.
• [9]Ip S, Chung M, Raman G, Chew P, et al.: Breastfeeding and Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Developed Countries. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 153 (Prepared by Tufts-New England Medical Center Evidence-based Practice Center, under Contract No. 290-02-0022). AHRQ Publication No. 07-E007. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2007.