Body mass index and participation in organized mammographic screening: a prospective cohort study

BMC Cancer

Sophie Sell Hellmann¹  Sisse Helle Njor¹  Elsebeth Lynge¹  My von Euler-Chelpin¹  Anja Olsen³  Anne Tjønneland³  Ilse Vejborg²  Zorana Jovanovic Andersen¹ 

[1] Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, 1014, Denmark

[2] Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark

[3] Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark

关键词: Diabetes;    Participation;    Mammographic screening;    Obesity;    Body size;    Body mass index;    Anthropometry;   

Others  :  1177508
DOI  :  10.1186/s12885-015-1296-8

 received in 2014-03-19, accepted in 2015-03-31,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women, and early diagnosis is essential for future prognosis. Evidence from mainly cross-sectional US studies with self-reported exposure and outcome found positive association of body mass index (BMI) with non-participation in mammographic screening, but hardly addressed the influence of potential effect-modifiers. We studied the association between objective measures of BMI and participation in mammographic screening in a Danish prospective cohort, and explored the influence of menopausal status, hormone therapy (HT), previous screening participation, and morbidities on this relationship.

Methods

A total of 5,134 women from the Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort who were invited to population based mammographic screening in Copenhagen were included in analysis. Women were 50–64 years old at inclusion (1993–97) when their height and weight were measured and covariates collected via questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between BMI and mammographic screening participation were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for other breast cancer risk factors and morbidities. Effect modification was evaluated by an interaction term and tested by Wald test.

Results

Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m², OR: 95% CI; 2.24: 1.27-3.96) and obese women of class II (BMI 35–40 kg/m², 1.54: 0.99-2.39) and III (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m², 1.81: 0.95-3.44) had significantly higher odds of non-participation than women with normal weight. This association was limited to postmenopausal women (Wald test p = 0.08), with enhanced non-participation in underweight (2.83: 1.52-5.27) and obese women of class II and III (1.84: 1.15-2.95; 2.47: 1.20-5.06) as compared to normal weight postmenopausal women. There was no effect modification by HT, previous screening participation, or morbidities, besides suggestive evidence of enhanced non-participation in diabetic overweight and obese women.

Conclusions

Underweight and very obese postmenopausal women were significantly less likely to participate in mammographic screening than women with normal weight, while BMI was not related to screening in premenopausal women. Effect of BMI on mammographic screening participation was not significantly modified by HT, previous screening participation, or morbidities.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Hellmann et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

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