Impact of oxygen concentration on time to resolution of spontaneous pneumothorax in term infants: a population based cohort study

BMC Pediatrics

Abhay Lodha²  Albert Akierman³  Harish Amin³  Majeeda Kamaluddeen³  Amy Metcalfe¹  Yacov Rabi⁴  Huma Shaireen³ 

[1] Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

关键词: Newborn and nitrogen wash out;    Pneumothorax;    Oxygen;   

Others  :  1137310
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2431-14-208

 received in 2014-03-26, accepted in 2014-08-18,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Little evidence exists regarding the optimal concentration of oxygen to use in the treatment of term neonates with spontaneous pneumothorax (SP). The practice of using high oxygen concentrations to promote “nitrogen washout” still exists at many centers. The aim of this study was to identify the time to clinical resolution of SP in term neonates treated with high oxygen concentrations (HO: FiO₂ ≥ 60%), moderate oxygen concentrations (MO: FiO₂ < 60%) or room air (RA: FiO₂ = 21%).

Methods

A population based cohort study that included all term neonates with radiologically confirmed spontaneous pneumothorax admitted to all neonatal intensive care units in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, within 72 hours of birth between 2006 and 2010. Newborns with congenital and chromosomal anomalies, meconium aspiration, respiratory distress syndrome, and transient tachypnea of newborn, pneumonia, tension pneumothorax requiring thoracocentesis or chest tube drainage or mechanical ventilation before the diagnosis of pneumothorax were excluded. The primary outcome was time to clinical resolution (hours) of SP. A Cox proportional hazards model was developed to assess differences in time to resolution of SP between treatment groups.

Results

Neonates were classified into three groups based on the treatment received: HO (n = 27), MO (n = 35) and RA (n = 30). There was no significant difference in time to resolution of SP between the three groups, median (range 25th-75th percentile) for HO = 12 hr (8–27), MO = 12 hr (5–24) and RA = 11 hr (4–24) (p = 0.50). A significant difference in time to resolution of SP was also not observed after adjusting for inhaled oxygen concentration [MO (a HR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.54-2.37); RA (a HR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.69-2.05)], gender (a HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.53-1.43) and ACoRN respiratory score (a HR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.41-1.34).

Conclusions

Supplemental oxygen use or nitrogen washout was not associated with faster resolution of SP. Infants treated with room air remained stable and did not require supplemental oxygen at any point of their admission.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Shaireen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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