Associations of fish oil and vitamin B and E supplementation with cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in people receiving haemodialysis: a review

BMC Nephrology

Charlotte McKercher²  Matthew D. Jose¹  Erica Bessell² 

[1]School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Tasmania, Australia

[2]Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Tasmania, Australia

关键词: Vitamins;    Omega-3 fatty acids;    Haemodialysis;    Fish oil;    End-stage kidney disease;    Cardiovascular disease;    Antioxidants;   

Others  :  1223605
DOI  :  10.1186/s12882-015-0142-1

 received in 2015-04-20, accepted in 2015-08-06,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Research indicates that the Mediterranean diet is protective of cardiovascular disease in the general population. Components of this diet have been trialled in haemodialysis patients with the aim of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and improving associated risk factors. Components include fish, fruit and vegetables in the form of fish oil supplements and vitamin and antioxidant supplements. This narrative review provides an overview of observational studies, and interventional and randomised controlled trials examining the association of these supplements with cardiovascular outcomes in haemodialysis patients.

Methods

We reviewed the relevant literature by searching English-language publications in Web of Science and references from relevant articles published since 1992. Eight-seven abstracts were reviewed and 38 relevant articles were included.

Results

The extant literature suggests that risk of mortality is reduced in patients with a higher fish intake and those with higher serum omega-3 fatty acid levels. However, the pathways by which risk of mortality is reduced have not been fully extrapolated. While only a few studies have examined the effect of vitamin B supplementation in haemodialysis patients, these studies suggest that supplementation alone does not reduce the risk of mortality. Finally, studies examining vitamin E supplementation have drawn inconsistent conclusions regarding its pro-oxidant or antioxidant effects. Differences between studies are likely due to methodological variations in regards to dose, route of administration and treatment duration.

Conclusions

Nutritional and dietary supplementation in haemodialysis patients is an area which requires larger, more methodologically robust randomised controlled trials to determine if risk of cardiovascular outcomes can be improved.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Bessell et al.

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