Chromosomal alterations in exfoliated urothelial cells from bladder cancer cases and healthy men: a prospective screening study

BMC Cancer

Thomas Brüning²  Arnulf Stenzl⁶  Christoph Oberlinner¹  Michael Nasterlack¹  Gabriele Leng⁵  Matthias Kluckert⁴  Harald Wellhäußer⁴  Christian Schwentner⁶  Katarzyna Gawrych²  Dirk Taeger²  Georg Johnen²  Thomas Behrens³  Beate Pesch²  Nadine Bonberg³ 

[1]BASF SE, Department of Occupational Medicine and Health Protection, Ludwigshafen, Germany

[2]Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany

[3]Protein Research Unit Ruhr within Europe (PURE), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany

[4]German Social Accident Insurance’s Institution for the Raw Materials and Chemical Industry (BG RCI), Heidelberg, Germany

[5]Department of Health Protection and Occupational Safety, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, Leverkusen, Germany

[6]Institute of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany

关键词: Tetrasomy;    Fluorescence in situ hybridization;    DNA loss;    DNA gain;    Copy number variation;    Chromosomal instability;    Bladder cancer;    Aneuploidy;   

Others  :  1118079
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2407-14-854

 received in 2014-05-22, accepted in 2014-11-08,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Chromosomal instability in exfoliated urothelial cells has been associated with the development of bladder cancer. Here, we analyzed the accumulation of copy number variations (CNVs) using fluorescence in situ hybridization in cancer cases and explored factors associated with the detection of CNVs in tumor-free men.

Methods

The prospective UroScreen study was designed to investigate the performance of UroVysion™ and other tumor tests for the early detection of bladder cancer in chemical workers from 2003–2010. We analyzed a database compiling CNVs of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and at 9p21 that were detected in 191,434 exfoliated urothelial cells from 1,595 men. We assessed the accumulation of CNVs in 1,400 cells isolated from serial samples that were collected from 18 cancer cases up to the time of diagnosis. A generalized estimating equation model was applied to evaluate the influence of age, smoking, and urine status on CNVs in cells from tumor-free men.

Results

Tetrasomy of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17, and DNA loss at 9p21 were the most frequently observed forms of CNV. In bladder cancer cases, we observed an accumulation of CNVs that started approximately three years before diagnosis. During the year prior to diagnosis, cells from men with high-grade bladder cancer accumulated more CNVs than those obtained from cases with low-grade cancer (CNV < 2: 7.5% vs. 1.1%, CNV > 2: 16-17% vs. 9-11%). About 1% of cells from tumor-free men showed polysomy of chromosomes 3, 7, or 17 or DNA loss at 9p21. Men aged ≥50 years had 1.3-fold more cells with CNVs than younger men; however, we observed no further age-related accumulation of CNVs in tumor-free men. Significantly more cells with CNVs were detected in samples with low creatinine concentrations.

Conclusions

We found an accumulation of CNVs during the development of bladder cancer starting three years before diagnosis, with more altered cells identified in high-grade tumors. Also, a small fraction of cells with CNVs were exfoliated into urine of tumor-free men, mainly exhibiting tetraploidy or DNA loss at 9p21. Whether these cells are preferentially cleared from the urothelium or are artifacts needs further exploration.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Bonberg et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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