Ringing Up about Breastfeeding: a randomised controlled trial exploring early telephone peer support for breastfeeding (RUBY) – trial protocol

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Fiona E McLardie-Hore³  Heather A Grimes⁵  Anita M Moorhead³  Kate Mortensen⁶  Rhonda Small²  Lisa Gold¹  Lisa H Amir²  Mary-Ann Davey²  Helen L McLachlan⁴  Della A Forster³ 

[1] Deakin Population Health Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;Judith Lumley Centre (formerly Mother & Child Health Research), La Trobe University, 215 Franklin Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;The Royal Women’s Hospital, Grattan St & Flemington Roads, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia;Department of Rural Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University Rural Health School, PO Box 199, Bendigo, Victoria 3552, Australia;Australian Breastfeeding Association, PO Box 4000, Glen Iris, Victoria 3146, Australia

关键词: Australia;    Telephone;    Peer support;    Breastfeeding rates;    Exclusive breastfeeding;    Breastfeeding;   

Others  :  1127310
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2393-14-177

 received in 2013-12-12, accepted in 2014-05-21,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The risks of not breastfeeding for mother and infant are well established, yet in Australia, although most women initiate breastfeeding many discontinue breastfeeding altogether and few women exclusively breastfeed to six months as recommended by the World Health Organization and Australian health authorities. We aim to determine whether proactive telephone peer support during the postnatal period increases the proportion of infants who are breastfed at six months, replicating a trial previously found to be effective in Canada.

Design/Methods

A two arm randomised controlled trial will be conducted, recruiting primiparous women who have recently given birth to a live baby, are proficient in English and are breastfeeding or intending to breastfeed. Women will be recruited in the postnatal wards of three hospitals in Melbourne, Australia and will be randomised to peer support or to ‘usual’ care. All women recruited to the trial will receive usual hospital postnatal care and infant feeding support. For the intervention group, peers will make two telephone calls within the first ten days postpartum, then weekly telephone calls until week twelve, with continued contact until six months postpartum. Primary aim: to determine whether postnatal telephone peer support increases the proportion of infants who are breastfed for at least six months. Hypothesis: that telephone peer support in the postnatal period will increase the proportion of infants receiving any breast milk at six months by 10% compared with usual care (from 46% to 56%).

Outcome data will be analysed by intention to treat. A supplementary multivariate analysis will be undertaken if there are any baseline differences in the characteristics of women in the two groups which might be associated with the primary outcomes.

Discussion

The costs and health burdens of not breastfeeding fall disproportionately and increasingly on disadvantaged groups. We have therefore deliberately chosen trial sites which have a high proportion of women from disadvantaged backgrounds. This will be the first Australian randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of proactive peer telephone support for breastfeeding.

Trial registration

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612001024831.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Forster et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]World Health Organization: The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding: Report of an Expert Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001.
• [2]National Health and Medical Research Council: Infant Feeding Guidelines. Canberra: National Health and Medical Research Council; 2012.
• [3]Ip S, Chung M, Raman G, Chew P, Magula N, DeVine D, Trikalinos T, Lau J: Breastfeeding and Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Developed Countries. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No 153. Rockville: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2007.
• [4]Horta BL, Bahl R, Martines JC, Victora CG: Evidence on the Long-term Effects of Breastfeeding: Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
• [5]Labbok MH: Effects of breastfeeding on the mother. Pediatr Clin North Am 2001, 48(1):143-158.
• [6]Smith JP, Thompson JF, Ellwood DA: Hospital system costs of artificial infant feeding: estimates for the Australian Capital Territory. Aust N Z J Public Health 2002, 26(6):543-551.
• [7]Cattaneo A, Ronfani L, Burmaz T, Quintero-Romero S, Macaluso A, Di Mario S: Infant feeding and cost of health care: a cohort study. Acta Paediatr 2006, 95:540-546.
• [8]Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: 2010 Australian National Infant Feeding Survey: Indicator Results. Canberra: AIHW; 2011.
• [9]Forster D, McLachlan H, Lumley J, Beanland C, Waldenström U, Amir L, Harris H, Dyson K, Earl D: Two mid-pregnancy interventions to increase the initiation and duration of breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial. Birth 2004, 31(3):176-182.
• [10]Dyson L, McCormick F, Renfrew MJ: Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005., 2CD001688
• [11]Amir LH, Donath SM: Socioeconomic status and rates of breastfeeding in Australia: evidence from three recent national health surveys. Med J Aust 2008, 189(5):254-256.
• [12]Donath S, Amir LH: Rates of breastfeeding in Australia by State and socio-economic status: evidence from the 1995 National Health Survey. J Paediatr Child Health 2000, 36(2):164-168.
• [13]Breastfeeding in Victoria: A Report. http://www.education.vic.gov.au/healthwellbeing/childyouth/breastfeeding/default.htm webcite
• [14]Maternal and Child Health Services Annual Report (2011–2012). http://www.education.vic.gov.au/Documents/childhood/providers/support/report12.pdf webcite
• [15]Davey M-A: Intervention in labour and early breastfeeding outcomes in Victoria, Australia. Women Birth 2013, 26:S25.
• [16]Forster D, McLachlan H, Lumley J: Factors associated with breastfeeding at six months postpartum in a group of Australian women. Int Breastfeed J 2006, 1:18. BioMed Central Full Text
• [17]Forster DA: Breastfeeding – Making a Difference: Predictors, Women’s Views, and Results from a Randomised Controlled Trial. Melbourne: La Trobe University; 2005. [PhD thesis]
• [18]Hamlyn B, Brooker S, Oleinikova K, Wands S: Infant Feeding 2000. London: The Stationery Office; 2002.
• [19]Renfrew MJ, McCormick FM, Wade A, Quinn B, Dowswell T: Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012., 5CD001141
• [20]Department of Education and Early Childhood Development: Maternal & Child Health Services Annual Report 2007–2008. Melbourne: Victorian State Government; 2009.
• [21]Chung M, Raman G, Trikalinos T, Lau J, Ip S: Interventions in primary care to promote breastfeeding: an evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2008, 149(8):565-582.
• [22]Jolly K, Ingram L, Khan KS, Deeks JJ, Freemantle N, MacArthur C: Systematic review of peer support for breastfeeding continuation: a meta-regression analysis of the effect of setting, intensity and timing. BMJ 2012, 344:d8287.
• [23]Kaunonen M, Hannula L, Tarkka MT: A systematic review of peer support interventions for breastfeeding. J Clin Nurs 2012, 21(13–14):1943-1954.
• [24]Dennis CL: Peer support within a health care context: a concept analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2003, 40(3):321-332.
• [25]Agrasada GV, Gustafsson J, Kylberg E, Ewald U: Postnatal peer counsellling on exclusive breastfeeding of low-birthweight infants: a randomized, controlled trial. Acta Paediatr 2005, 94(8):1109-1115.
• [26]Tylleskar T, Jackson D, Meda N, Engebretsen IM, Chopra M, Diallo AH, Doherty T, Ekstrom EC, Fadnes LT, Goga A, Kankasa C, Klungsøyr JI, Lombard C, Nankabirwa V, Nankunda JK, Van de Perre P, Sanders D, Shanmugam R, Sommerfelt H, Wamani H, Tumwine JK, PROMISE-EBF Study Group: Exclusive breastfeeding promotion by peer counsellors in sub-Saharan Africa (PROMISE-EBF): a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2011, 378(9789):420-427.
• [27]Leite AJ, Puccini RF, Atalah AN, Da Cunha AL, Machado MT: Effectiveness of home-based peer counselling to promote breastfeeding in the northeast of Brazil: a randomized clinical trial. Acta Paediatr 2005, 94:741-746.
• [28]Bolton TA, Chow T, Benton PA, Olson BH: Characteristics associated with longer breastfeeding duration: an analysis of a peer counseling support program. J Hum Lact 2009, 25(1):18-27.
• [29]Anderson AK, Damio G, Young S, Chapman DJ, Perez-Escamilla R: A randomized trial assessing the efficacy of peer counselling on exclusive breastfeeding in a predominantly Latina low-income community. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005, 159(9):836-841.
• [30]Chapman DJ, Damio G, Young S, Perez-Escamilla R: Effectiveness of breastfeeding peer counselling in a low-income, predominantly Latina population. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004, 158(9):897-902.
• [31]Pugh LC, Milligan RA, Frick KD, Spatz D, Bronner Y: Breastfeeding duration, costs, and benefits of a support program for low-income breastfeeding women. Birth 2002, 29(2):95-100.
• [32]Gross SM, Caulfield LA, Bentley ME, Bronner Y, Kessler L, Jensen J, Paige DM: Counseling and motivational videotapes increase duration of breast-feeding in African-American WIC participants who initiate breast-feeding. J Am Diet Assoc 1998, 98:143-148.
• [33]Hoddinott P, Lee AJ, Pill R: Effectiveness of a breastfeeding peer coaching intervention in rural Scotland. Birth 2006, 33(1):27-36.
• [34]Morrow AL, Guerrero ML, Shults J, Calva JJ, Lutter C, Bravo J, Ruiz-Palacios G, Morrow RC, Butterfoss FD: Efficacy of home-based peer counselling to promote exclusive breastfeeding: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1999, 353(9160):1226-1231.
• [35]Haider R, Ashworth A, Kabir I, Huttly SRA: Effect of community-based peer counsellors on exclusive breastfeeding practices in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000, 356(9242):1643-1647.
• [36]Wong EH, Nelson EA, Choi KC, Wong KP, Ip C, Ho LC: Evaluation of a peer counselling programme to sustain breastfeeding practice in Hong Kong. Int Breastfeed J 2007, 2:12. BioMed Central Full Text
• [37]Graffy J, Taylor J, Williams A, Eldridge S: Randomised controlled trial of support from volunteer counsellors for mothers considering breast feeding. BMJ 2004, 328(7430):26-31.
• [38]Jolly K, Ingram L, Freemantle N, Khan K, Chambers J, Hamburger R, Brown J, Dennis CL, Macarthur C: Effect of a peer support service on breast-feeding continuation in the UK: a randomised controlled trial. Midwifery 2012, 28(6):740-745.
• [39]Muirhead PE, Butcher G, Rankin J, Munley A: The effect of a programme of organised and supervised peer support on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding. Br J Gen Pract 2006, 56(524):191-197.
• [40]McInnes RJ, Love JG, Stone DH: Evaluation of a community-based intervention to increase breastfeeding prevalence. J Public Health Med 2000, 22(2):138-145.
• [41]Mongeon M, Allard R: Controlled study of a regular telephone support program given by volunteers on the establishment of breastfeeding. Can J Public Health 1995, 86(2):124-127.
• [42]Dennis C-L, Hodnett E, Gallop R, Chalmers B: The effect of peer support on breast-feeding duration among primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial. Can Med Assoc J 2002, 166(1):21-28.
• [43]James WPT, Nelson M, Ralph A, Leather S: The contribution of nutrition to inequalities in health. BMJ 1997, 314:1545-1549.
• [44]Amir L: Breastfeeding Survey of Frances Perry House and the Family Birth Centre. Melbourne: La Trobe University; 2002:1-41.
• [45]Maternal and Child Health Service. http://www.education.vic.gov.au/childhood/professionals/health/Pages/maternalchildhealth.aspx webcite
• [46]Reading R, Harvey I, Mclean M: Cluster randomised trials in maternal and child health: implications for power and sample size. Arch Dis Child 2000, 82(1):79-83.
• [47]Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D: CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. PLoS Med 2010, 7(3):e1000251.
• [48]Forster D, McLachlan H, Davey M-A, Morrow J, Newton M, Hsueh A: Women’s and Staff Views: an Evaluation of Maternity Care at Barwon Health. Baseline Report. Melbourne: Mother and Child Health Research, La Trobe University; 2009.
• [49]Moher D, Schulz KF, Altman DG: The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2001, 357(9263):1191-1194.