The forgotten risk? A systematic review of the effect of reminder systems for postpartum screening for type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes

BMC Research Notes

Helle Terkildsen Maindal¹  Per Ovesen²  Jette Kolding Kristensen¹  Charlotte Jeppesen¹ 

[1] Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

关键词: Reminder;    Glucose screening;    Gestational diabetes mellitus;    Type 2 diabetes;    Postpartum follow-up;   

Others  :  1230466
DOI  :  10.1186/s13104-015-1334-2

 received in 2014-11-20, accepted in 2015-08-12,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Screening for type 2 diabetes is recommended for women with previous gestational diabetes (GDM). However, the screening rates remain low. We aimed to evaluate the reminders and reminder systems for women with previous GDM and the health professionals in primary and secondary health care with screening rate among postpartum women as primary outcome.

Methods

Observational and intervention studies were included and the PRISMA guidelines were followed for the literature extraction.

Results

Six studies were included: two long-term follow up studies and four early terms. Five studies focused on secondary care settings and one on primary care. Three studies focused on reminders to postpartum women only, two studies to both the women and health care professional, and one study on the health care provider only. Types of reminders varied from letters, emails, and personal telephone calls to the women to register-based reminders or letters to the health care professionals. Reminders were efficient but efficiency varied between studies. Two studies found that direct telephone calls strengthened the reminding of the women. The effect of reminding both the women and the health professional screening rates decreased compared to reminding either health professionals or reminding the women separately.

Conclusions

Reminders have a potential for early detection and prevention of type 2 diabetes in this high risk group of women; however, the kind of reminder and the frequency of reminders should be carefully considered accordingly to the target group.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Jeppesen et al.

【 图 表 】

Fig.1.

Fig.1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]IDF: Diabetes Atlas http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas International Diabetes Federation. Accessed 19 Mar 2014.
• [2]Bellamy L, Casas J-P, Hingorani A, Williams D: Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2009, 373:1773-1779.
• [3]Ratner RE, Christophi CA, Metzger BE, Dabelea D, Bennett PH, Pi-Sunyer X, Fowler S, Kahn SE: Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group: prevention of diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes: effects of metformin and lifestyle interventions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93:4774-4779.
• [4]American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of medical care in diabetes–2013. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(Suppl 1):S11–66.
• [5]Dansk Endokrinologisk Selskab (DES). [Danish Endocrinology Society]: Kliniske retningslinier for gestationel diabetes mellitus (GDM). Screening, diagnostik, behandling og kontrol samt follow-up efter fødslen. (Clinical guidelines for gestational diabetes (GDM). Screening, diagnosis, treatment and control including postpartum follow-up.) Dansk Endokrinologisk Selskab. 2009. http://www.endocrinology.dk/kliniske%20retningslinier%20-%20GDM.pdf. Accessed 3 Apr 2014.
• [6]Keely E, Clark H, Karovitch A, Graham I: Screening for type 2 diabetes following gestational diabetes. Family physician and patient perspectives. Can Fam Physician 2010, 56:558.
• [7]Carson MP, Frank MI, Keely E: Original research: postpartum testing rates among women with a history of gestational diabetes—systematic review. Prim Care Diabetes 2013, 7:177-186.
• [8]Tovar A, Chasan-Taber L, Eggleston E, Oken E: Postpartum screening for diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Prev Chronic Dis 2011, 8:A124.
• [9]Nielsen K, Kapur A, Damm P, de Courten M, Bygbjerg I: From screening to postpartum follow-up—the determinants and barriers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) services, a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014, 14:41. BioMed Central Full Text
• [10]Cheung A, Weir M, Mayhew A, Kozloff N, Brown K, Grimshaw J: Overview of systematic reviews of the effectiveness of reminders in improving healthcare professional behavior. Syst Rev 2012, 1:36. BioMed Central Full Text
• [11]Pierce M, Mortagy I, Springett A, Hughes H, Baldeweg S: Missed opportunities for diabetes prevention: post-pregnancy follow-up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus in England. Br J Gen Pract 2011, 61:e611-e619.
• [12]Gurol-Urganci I, de Jongh T, Vodopivec-Jamsek V, Atun R, Car J: Mobile phone messaging reminders for attendance at healthcare appointments (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013, 12:CD007458.
• [13]Vervloet M, Linn A, van Weert J, de Bakker D, Bouvy M, van Dijk L: The effectiveness of interventions using electronic reminders to improve adherence to chronic medication: a systematic review of the literature. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2012, 19:696-704.
• [14]Mother D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D: The PRISMA Group: Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 2009, 6:e1000097.
• [15]Chittleborough C, Baldock K, Taylor A, Hague W, Willson T, Martin W, Wood J, Phillips P: Long-term follow-up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus: the South Australian Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Recall Register. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2010, 50:127-131.
• [16]Vesco K, Dietz P, Bulkley J, Bruce C, Callaghan W, England L, Kimes T, Bachman D, Hartinger K, Hornbrook M: A system-based intervention to improve postpartum diabetes screening among women with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012, 207:e1-e6.
• [17]Lega I, McLaughlin H, Coroneos M, Handley-Derry F, Donovan N, Lipscombe L: A physician reminder to improve postpartum diabetes screening in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012, 95:352-357.
• [18]Clark H, Graham I, Karovitch A, Keely E: Do postal reminders increase postpartum screening of diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes mellitus? A randomised controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009, 200:634.e631-634.e637.
• [19]Shea A, Shah B, Clark H, Malcolm J, Walker M, Karovitch A, Keely E: The effectiveness of implementing a reminder system into routine clinical practice: does it increase postpartum screening in women with gestational diabetes? Chronic Dis Can 2011, 31:58-64.
• [20]Korpi-Hyövälti A, Laaksonen D, Schwab U, Heinonen S, Niskanen L: How can we increase postpartum glucose screening in women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus? Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012. doi:10.1155/2012/519267.
• [21]Ko J, Diets P, Conrey E, Rodgers L, Shellhaas C, Farr S, Robbins C: Strategies associated with higher postpartum glucose tolerance screening rates for gestational diabetes mellitus patients. J Women’s Health 2013, 22:681-686.
• [22]Bennett W, Ennen C, Carrese J, Hill-Briggs F, Levine D, Nicholson W, Clark J: Barriers to and facilitators of postpartum follow-up care in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study. J Women’s Health 2011, 20:239-245.
• [23]Hunsberger M, Donatelle R, Lindsay K, Rosenberg K: Physician care patterns and adherence to postpartum glucose testing after gestational diabetes mellitus in Oregon. Plos One 2012, 7:e47052.
• [24]Stuebe A, Ecker J, Bates D, Zera C, Bentley-Lewis R, Seely E: Barriers to follow-up for women with a history of gestational diabetes. Am J Perinatol 2010, 27(9):705-710.
• [25]Sequist T, Zaslavsky A, Marshall R, Fletcher R, Ayanian J: Patient and physician reminders to promote colorectal cancer screening: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 2009, 169:364-371.
• [26]Burack R, Gimotty P: Promoting screening mammography in inner-city settings: the sustained effectiveness of computerized reminders in a randomized controlled trial. Med Care 1997, 35:921-931.
• [27]Lantz PM, Stencil D, Lippert MT, Beversdorf S, Jaros L, Remington PL: Breast and cervical cancer screening in a low-income managed care sample: the efficacy of physician letters and phone calls. Am J Public Health 1995, 85:834-836.
• [28]Toth-Pal E, Nilsson G, Furhoss AK: Clinical effect of computer generated physician reminders in health screening in primary health care—a controlled clinical trial of preventive services among the elderly. Int J Med Inform 2004, 73:695-703.
• [29]Middleton P, Crowther CA: Reminder systems for women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus to increase uptake of testing for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014, 3:CD009578.