Program on immunization and cold chain monitoring: the status in eight health districts in Cameroon

BMC Research Notes

Maurice Demanou³  Blaise Wakam Nkontchou¹  Bruno Kenfack⁴  Jérôme Ateudjieu² 

[1] Public Health Laboratory Unit, Regional Hospital of Bafoussam, Ministry of Public Health, PO Box 980, Bafoussam, Cameroon;Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (associated Institute of the University of Basel), Socin str. 57, P. O. Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland;Cameroon National Expert Committee on Adverse Events Following Immunization, Yaoundé, Cameroon;Department of Mother and Child, Dschang District Hospital, PO Box 43, Dschang, Cameroon

关键词: Vaccination campaign;    Health districts;    Monitoring;    EPI;    Cold chain;   

Others  :  1143245
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-6-101

 received in 2012-09-01, accepted in 2013-03-06,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Cold chain monitoring is a precondition to ensure immunization quality, efficacy and safety. In Cameroon, the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) has National Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that describes the vaccines, the cold chain system and equipment, its use and recommended procedures to control and monitor the temperatures and the cold chain. This study was conducted to assess the status of cold chain in eight health districts in Cameroon.

Findings

The study was carried out in eight health districts out of fifty with poor immunization coverage rate. Data were collected using a validated form by observation and consultation of related documents. District Health Services (DHS) and four Integrated. Health Centers (IHC) randomly selected were targeted per health district. Forty health facilities were included. Twenty eight (70.0%) had at least one functional refrigerator for EPI activities. The power supply was reported to be permanent in 7 (20.6%) out of 34. (85.0%) health facilities with access to power supply. The temperature monitoring chart was pasted on 27 (96.4%) of the cold chain equipment. On 16 (59.3%) of these charts, the temperature was recorded twice daily as recommended. Seven (25.9%) of 27 refrigerators assessed had temperature out of the recommended range of 2 to 8°C. Almost 23.30% of health centers did not received any supervision on cold chain monitoring during a vaccination campaign.

Conclusion

This study documents failure of the cold chain maintenance and questions the efficacy and safety of vaccines administered during EPI activities in Cameroun. These findings indicate that appropriate actions are needed to ensure monitoring of EPI cold chain in the country.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Ateudjieu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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