Investigation of a new acetogen isolated from an enrichment of the tammar wallaby forestomach

BMC Microbiology

Christopher S McSweeney³  Stuart E Denman³  Mark Morrison³  Rafat Al Jassim⁴  Richard I Webb⁵  Jianxin Liu²  Isabela Pena Carvalho de Carvalho¹  Jing Liu²  Jagadish Padmanabha³  Jiakun Wang²  Emma J Gagen⁴ 

[1] Faculty of Agricultural & Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, Brazil;Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;CSIRO Agriculture, St Lucia, Australia;School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia;Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia

关键词: Methanogenesis;    Rumen;    Tammar wallaby;    Acetogenesis;    Acetogen;   

Others  :  1131221
DOI  :  10.1186/s12866-014-0314-3

 received in 2014-04-17, accepted in 2014-11-26,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Forestomach fermentation in Australian marsupials such as wallabies and kangaroos, though analogous to rumen fermentation, results in lower methane emissions. Insights into hydrogenotrophy in these systems could help in devising strategies to reduce ruminal methanogenesis. Reductive acetogenesis may be a significant hydrogen sink in these systems and previous molecular analyses have revealed a novel diversity of putative acetogens in the tammar wallaby forestomach.

Results

Methanogen-inhibited enrichment cultures prepared from tammar wallaby forestomach contents consumed hydrogen and produced primarily acetate. Functional gene (formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase and acetyl-CoA synthase) analyses revealed a restricted diversity of Clostridiales species as the putative acetogens in the cultures. A new acetogen (growth on H₂/CO₂ with acetate as primary end product) designated isolate TWA4, was obtained from the cultures. Isolate TWA4 classified within the Lachnospiraceae and demonstrated >97% rrs identity to previously isolated kangaroo acetogens. Isolate TWA4 was a potent hydrogenotroph and demonstrated excellent mixotrophic growth (concomitant consumption of hydrogen during heterotrophic growth) with glycerol. Mixotrophic growth of isolate TWA4 on glycerol resulted in increased cell densities and acetate production compared to autotrophic growth. Co-cultures with an autotrophic methanogen Methanobrevibacter smithii revealed that isolate TWA4 performed reductive acetogenesis under high hydrogen concentration (>5 mM), but not at low concentrations. Under heterotrophic growth conditions, isolate TWA4 did not significantly stimulate methanogenesis in a co-culture with M. smithii contrary to the expectation for organisms growing fermentatively.

Conclusions

The unique properties of tammar wallaby acetogens might be contributing factors to reduced methanogen numbers and methane emissions from tammar wallaby forestomach fermentation, compared to ruminal fermentation. The macropod forestomach may be a useful source of acetogens for future strategies to reduce methane emissions from ruminants, particularly if these strategies also include some level of methane suppression and/or acetogen stimulation, for example by harnessing mixotrophic growth capabilities

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Gagen et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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