Comparative analysis of distinct phenotypes in gambling disorder based on gambling preferences

BMC Psychiatry

Susana Jiménez-Murcia²  José M Menchón⁶  Sarah Sauchelli⁵  Gemma L Witcomb⁷  Jon Arcelus⁷  Lamprini G Savvidou⁵  Zaida Agüera¹  Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez⁴  Mohammed A Islam¹  Ana B Fagundo¹  Mónica Gómez-Peña⁵  Neus Aymamí⁵  Frida Fröberg³  Fernando Fernández-Aranda²  Randy Stinchfield⁸  Roser Granero⁹  Laura Moragas⁵ 

[1] Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain), Barcelona, Spain;Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;Departament d’Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil, Escola Universitària d’Infermeria, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, c/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain;Leicester Eating Disorders Service, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK;Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minnesota, USA;Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

关键词: Strategic games;    Gambling preferences;    Subtypes;    Gambling disorder;   

Others  :  1177237
DOI  :  10.1186/s12888-015-0459-0

 received in 2014-01-27, accepted in 2015-03-26,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Studies examining gambling preferences have identified the importance of the type of gambling practiced on distinct individual profiles. The objectives were to compare clinical, psychopathological and personality variables between two different groups of individuals with a gambling disorder (strategic and non-strategic gamblers) and to evaluate the statistical prediction capacity of these preferences with respect to the severity of the disorder.

Method

A total sample of 2010 treatment-seeking patients with a gambling disorder participated in this stand-alone study. All were recruited from a single Pathological Gambling Unit in Spain (1709 strategic and 301 non-strategic gamblers). The design of the study was cross-sectional and data were collected at the start of treatment. Data was analysed using logistic regression for binary outcomes and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for quantitative responses.

Results

There were significant differences in several socio-demographic and clinical variables, as well as in personality traits (novelty seeking and cooperativeness). Multiple regression analysis showed harm avoidance and self-directedness were the main predictors of gambling severity and psychopathology, while age at assessment and age of onset of gambling behaviour were predictive of gambling severity. Strategic gambling (as opposed to non-strategic) was significantly associated with clinical outcomes, but the effect size of the relationships was small.

Conclusions

It is possible to identify distinct phenotypes depending on the preference of gambling. While these phenotypes differ in relation to the severity of the gambling disorder, psychopathology and personality traits, they can be useful from a clinical and therapeutic perspective in enabling risk factors to be identified and prevention programs targeting specific individual profiles to be developed.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Moragas et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

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