Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties of the crude extracts and fractions of Premna resinosa (Hochst.) Schauer (Compositae): Kenyan traditional medicinal plant

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Silas Mwaniki Ngari²  Samwel Onsarigo Nyambati³  Meshack Amos Obonyo³  Sospeter Ngoci Njeru¹ 

[1]Present address: Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) – Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena, D-07745, Germany

[2]Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya

[3]Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya

关键词: Bioprospecting;    Cytotoxicity;    Herbal medicinal plant;    Antituberculous;    Antimicrobial;    Phytochemicals;    Premna resinosa (Hochst.) Schauer;   

Others  :  1222677
DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0811-4

 received in 2014-12-17, accepted in 2015-08-07,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Premna resinosa (Hochst.) Schauer also called “mukarakara” in Mbeere community of Kenya is used in the management of respiratory illness. In this study we investigated antituberculous, antifungal, antibacterial activities including cytotoxicity and phytochemical constituents of this plant.

Methods

Antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated by disc diffusion and micro dilution techniques. Antituberculous activity was investigated using BACTEC MGIT 960 system while cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay on Vero cells (Methanolic crude extract) and HEp-2 cells (fractions). Finally, phytochemicals were profiled using standard procedures.

Results

P. resinosa had high antituberculous activity with a MIC of <6.25 μg/ml in ethyl acetate fraction. The antibacterial activity was high and broad spectrum, inhibiting both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Dichloromethane fraction had the best antibacterial MIC of 31.25 μg/ml against Methicillin-resistant S. aureus while Ethyl acetate fraction had the highest zone of inhibition of 22.3 ± 0.3 against S. aureus. Its effects on tested fungi were moderate with petro ether fraction giving an inhibition of 10.3 ± 0.3 on C. albicans. The crude extract and two fractions (petro ether and methanol) were not within the acceptable toxicity limits, however dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions that exhibited higher activity were within the acceptable toxicity limit (CC ₅₀  < 90). The activity can to some extent be associated to alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones and phenols detected in this plant extracts.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that P. resinosa has high selective potential as a source of novel lead for antituberculous, antibacterial and antifungal drugs. Of particular relevance is high activity against MRSA, S. aureus, C. albicans and MTB which are great public health challenge due to drug resistance development and as major sources of community and hospital based infections.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Njeru et al.

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