Association between oral candidiasis and low CD4+ count among HIV positive patients in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital

BMC Oral Health

Arabat Kasangaki⁴  Joan Kalyango¹  Jayne B Tusiime²  Martina Nanteza³ 

[1] Department of Pharmacy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda;School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda;Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda;Department of Dentistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 33019, Kampala, Uganda

关键词: HIV positive patients;    Low CD4+ count;    Oral candidiasis;   

Others  :  1091069
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6831-14-143

 received in 2014-03-20, accepted in 2014-11-13,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Human Immune Virus (HIV) related oral lesions and their association with Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4⁺) count among treatment naïve HIV positive patients.

Methods

This was a descriptive and analytical cross sectional study. Participants were 346 treatment naïve HIV positive adult patients. These were consecutively recruited from Hoima Regional Referral hospital between March and April 2012. Data collection involved interviews, oral examinations and laboratory analysis.

Results

A total of 168(48.6%) participants had oral lesions. The four commonest lesions were oral candidiasis (24.9%, CI = 20.6-29.7%), melanotic hyperpigmentation (17.3%, CI = 13.7-21.7%), kaposi sarcoma (9.3%, CI = 6.6-12.8%) and Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (OHL) (5.5%, CI = 3.5-8.4%). There was significant association between oral candidiasis and immunosuppression measured as CD4+ less than 350 cells/mm³ (OR = 2.69, CI = 1.608-4.502, p < 0.001). Oral candidiasis was the only oral lesion significantly predictive of immunosuppression (OR = 2.56, CI = 1.52-4.30, p < 0.001) with a Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 48.2%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 74.3%, 38.1% sensitivity and specificity of 81.4%.

Conclusion

Oral candidiasis can be considered as a marker for immunesuppression, making routine oral examinations essential in the management of HIV positive patients.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Nanteza et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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