Psychological distress in patients with restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease): a population-based door-to-door survey in rural Ecuador

BMC Research Notes

Oscar H Del Brutto⁴  Victor J Del Brutto¹  Mauricio Zambrano⁴  Paul A Fredrickson⁵  Robertino M Mera²  Pablo R Castillo³ 

[1] Community Center, The Atahualpa Project, Atahualpa, Ecuador;Gastroenterology Department, University of Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA;Division of Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo–Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador;Division of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA

关键词: Willis-Ekbom disease;    Stress;    Restless legs syndrome;    Psychological distress;    Epidemiology;    Ecuador;    Depression;    Anxiety;   

Others  :  1091994
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-911

 received in 2014-08-15, accepted in 2014-11-18,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Reported prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease (WED), varies from country to country, and methodologic inconsistencies limit comparison of data. Impact of RLS on quality of life and health has been studied primarily in industrialized countries, particularly Europe and the United States. Many studies have relied exclusively on self-report of symptoms or have assessed only medical populations. Recently, interest has emerged on the impact of WED in rural, underserved populations globally.

Methods

In a population-based survey conducted in rural Ecuador, we assessed the relationship of psychological distress to WED, evaluated with the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–21. WED was diagnosed through a 2-phase method in which all residents were screened with the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) questionnaire and all suspected cases were subsequently confirmed through expert medical examination. WED severity was assessed with the IRLSSG rating scale.

Results

Of 665 persons (mean [SD] age, 59.5 [12.6] years; women, 386 [58%]), 76 had depression, 93 had anxiety, and 60 reported stress. Forty persons (6%) had WED, with 15 (38%) having severe disease. In a regression model adjusted for age and sex, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was about 3 times greater among persons with WED than the general population.

Conclusions

Although cross-sectional data cannot establish causation, this study shows the large behavioral health burden associated with WED in an untreated, rural population.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Castillo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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