Yoga in adult cancer: an exploratory, qualitative analysis of the patient experience

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Carl Heneghan²  Alison Ward²  Sally Thorne³  Marcy McCall¹ 

[1] Kellogg College, University of Oxford, 62 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PN, United Kingdom;Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, 2nd floor, Walton Street, Jericho OX2 6NW, United Kingdom;School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T213-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver V6T 2B5, British Columbia

关键词: Interpretive description;    Interview;    Qualitative analysis;    Patient;    Cancer;    Yoga;   

Others  :  1221183
DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0738-9

 received in 2014-09-01, accepted in 2015-06-22,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Some patients receiving treatment in conventional health care systems access therapeutic yoga outside their mainstream care to improve cancer symptoms. Given the current knowledge gap around patient preferences and documented experiences of yoga in adult cancer, this study aimed to describe patient-reported benefits, barriers and characteristics of programming for yoga practice during conventional treatment.

Methods

In depth semi-structured interviews (n = 10) were conducted in men and women recruited from cancer care clinics in Vancouver, Canada using a purposive sampling technique. The exploratory interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using Interpretive Description methodology and constant comparative analysis methods.

Results

Four themes emerged from the data to address our research objectives: patient-perceived benefits of yoga, reasons and motivations for practising yoga, hurdles and barriers to practising yoga, and advice for effective yoga program delivery in adult cancer. Several patients reported yoga reduced stress and other symptoms associated with cancer treatment. Thematic analysis found the social dimension of group yoga was important, as well as yoga’s ability to encourage personal empowerment and awareness of physical body and self. Barriers to yoga adherence from the patient perspective included lack of time, scheduling conflicts and worries about financial burden.

Conclusion

This small, diverse sample of patients reported positive experiences and no adverse effects following yoga practice for management of cancer and its symptoms. Results of this qualitative study identified patient-reported preferences, barriers and characteristics of yoga intervention optimal during adult cancer treatment.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 McCall et al.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]World Health Organization: Cancer Fact Sheet 297: Available at. http://www. who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/ webcite
• [2]Horneber M, Bueschel G, Dennert G, Less D, Ritter E, Zwahlen M. How many cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2012; 11(3):187-203.
• [3]Molassiotis A, Fernadez-Ortega P, Pud D, Ozden G, Scott JA, Panteli V et al.. Use of complementary and alternative medicine in cancer patients: A European survey. Annals of Oncology. 2005; 16(4):655-63.
• [4]Anderson JG, Taylor AG. Use of complementary therapies for cancer symptom management: Results of the 2007 national health interview survey. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2012; 18(3):235-41.
• [5]Chandwani KD, Ryan JL, Peppone LJ, Janelsins MM, Sprod LK, Devine K, et al. Cancer-related stress and complementary and alternative medicine: A review. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012;979213.
• [6]Cancer Research UK, United Kingdom: Yoga. Available at. http://www. cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/complementary-alternative/therapies/yoga webcite
• [7]Satchidananda SS. The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali . 5th ed. Integral Yoga Publications, Yogaville, Virginia, US; 2010.
• [8]National Library of Medicine – Medical Subject Headings: yogahttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?term=Yoga
• [9]McCall MC, Ward A, Roberts NW, Heneghan C. Overview of systematic reviews: Yoga as a therapeutic intervention for adults with acute and chronic health conditions. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;945895.
• [10]Cramer H, Lauche R, Klose P, Lange S, Langhorst J, Dobos GJ. Yoga for women diagnosed with breast cancer. The Cochrane, Library; 2013.
• [11]Cramer H, Lange S, Klose P, Paul A, Dobos GJ. Can yoga improve fatigue in breast cancer patients? A systematic review. Acta Oncologica. 2012; 51(4):559-60.
• [12]Harder H, Parlour L, Jenkins V. Randomised controlled trials of yoga interventions for women with breast cancer: A systematic literature review. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2012; 20:3055-64.
• [13]McCall MC. In search of yoga: Research trends in a western medical database. International Journal of Yoga. 2014; 7(1):4-8.
• [14]Smith KB, Pukall CF. An evidence-based review of yoga as a complementary intervention for patients with cancer. Psycho-oncology. 2009; 18(5):465-75.
• [15]Culos-Reed SN, Mackenzie MJ, Sohl SJ, Jesse MT, Zahavich ANR, Danhauer SC. Yoga and cancer interventions: A review of the clinical significance of patient reported outcomes for cancer survivors. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012;642576.
• [16]Patton MQ. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, p. 2002;172.
• [17]Thorne S, Kirkham SR, MacDonald-Emes J. Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge. Research in Nursing & Health. 1997; 20(2):169-77.
• [18]Thorne S. Interpretive description. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA; 2008.
• [19]Thorne S, Kirkham SR, O’Flynn-Magee K. The analytic challenge in interpretive description. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 2004; 3(1):1-11.
• [20]Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C, Bryon E, Denier Y. QUAGOL: A guide for qualitative data analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studie. 2012; 49(3):360-71.
• [21]Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA; 1985.
• [22]Morse J. Emerging from the data: Cognitive process of analysis in qualitative inquiry. In: Critical issues in qualitative research methods. Morse J, editor. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA; 1994: p.23-43.
• [23]Smith BA. Ethical and methodologic benefits of using a reflexive journal in hermeneutic-phenomenologic research. Journal of Nursing Scholarshi. 1999; 31(4):359-63.
• [24]Lasater J. Relax and renew: restful yoga for stressful times. Rodmell Press, Berkley, CA; 1995.
• [25]Iynegar BKS. Light on yoga: yoga dipika. 4th ed. Schocken Books, New York, NY; 1995.
• [26]Cordella M, Poiani A. Behavioural oncology: psychological, communicative and social dimensions. New York, NY: Springer, p. 2014;296.
• [27]Cramer H, Lauche R, Langhorst J, Paul A, Michalsen A, Dobos GJ. Predictors of yoga use among internal medicine patients. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013; 13:172. BioMed Central Full Text
• [28]Journal Y. Yoga in America Market Study. 2012.
• [29]Moadel AB, Shah C, Wylie-Rosett J, Harris MS, Patel SR, Hall CB et al.. Randomised controlled trial of yoga among a multiethnic sample of breast cancer patients: Effects on quality of life. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2007; 25(28):4387-95.
• [30]Ulger O, Yağli NV. Effects of yoga on the quality of life in cancer patients. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2010; 16(2):60-3.
• [31]Köhn M, Persson Lundholm U, Bryngelsson IL, Anderzen-Carlsson A, Westerdahl E. Medical yoga for patients with stress-related symptoms and diagnoses in primary health care: A randomized controlled trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;215348.
• [32]Chandwani KD, Perkins G, Nagendra HR, Raghuram NV, Spelman A, Nagarathna R et al.. Randomized, controlled trial of yoga in women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2014; 32(10):1058-65.
• [33]Zernicke KA, Campbell TS, Speca ML, McCabe-Ruff K, Flowers S, Dirkse DA et al.. The ECALM trial-etherapy for cancer applying mindfulness: Online mindfulness-based cancer recovery program for underserved individuals living with cancer in Alberta: Protocol development for a randomized wait-list controlled clinical trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013; 13:34. BioMed Central Full Text
• [34]Ross A, Bevans M, Friedmann E, Williams L, Thomas S. "I am a nice person when I do yoga!!!": A qualitative analysis of how yoga affects relationships. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2013; 32(2):67-77.