Gender norms and economic empowerment intervention to reduce intimate partner violence against women in rural Côte d’Ivoire: a randomized controlled pilot study

BMC International Health and Human Rights

Jeannie Annan⁵  Charlotte Watts²  Cathy Zimmerman²  Mazeda Hossain²  Ziming Xuan¹  Denise Kpebo³  Heidi Lehmann⁵  Kathryn L Falb⁴  Jhumka Gupta⁴ 

[1] Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Innovations for Poverty Action, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire;Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;International Rescue Committee, New York, NY, USA

关键词: Evaluation;    Economic empowerment;    West Africa;    Randomized controlled trial;    Gender-based violence;   

Others  :  855064
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-698X-13-46

 received in 2013-04-08, accepted in 2013-10-24,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Gender-based violence against women, including intimate partner violence (IPV), is a pervasive health and human rights concern. However, relatively little intervention research has been conducted on how to reduce IPV in settings impacted by conflict. The current study reports on the evaluation of the incremental impact of adding “gender dialogue groups” to an economic empowerment group savings program on levels of IPV. This study took place in north and northwestern rural Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods

Between 2010 and 2012, we conducted a two-armed, non-blinded randomized-controlled trial (RCT) comparing group savings only (control) to “gender dialogue groups” added to group savings (treatment). The gender dialogue group consisted of eight sessions that targeted women and their male partner. Eligible Ivorian women (18+ years, no prior experience with group savings) were invited to participate. 934 out of 981 (95.2%) partnered women completed baseline and endline data collection. The primary trial outcome measure was an overall measure of past-year physical and/or sexual IPV. Past year physical IPV, sexual IPV, and economic abuse were also separately assessed, as were attitudes towards justification of wife beating and a woman’s ability to refuse sex with her husband.

Results

Intent to treat analyses revealed that compared to groups savings alone, the addition of gender dialogue groups resulted in a slightly lower odds of reporting past year physical and/or sexual IPV (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.47; not statistically significant). Reductions in reporting of physical IPV and sexual IPV were also observed (not statistically significant). Women in the treatment group were significantly less likely to report economic abuse than control group counterparts (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.60, p < .0001). Acceptance of wife beating was significantly reduced among the treatment group (β = -0.97; 95% CI: -1.67, -0.28, p = 0.006), while attitudes towards refusal of sex did not significantly change Per protocol analysis suggests that compared to control women, treatment women attending more than 75% of intervention sessions with their male partner were less likely to report physical IPV (a OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.94; p = .04) and report fewer justifications for wife beating (adjusted β = -1.14; 95% CI: -2.01, -0.28, p = 0.01) ; and both low and high adherent women reported significantly decreased economic abuse (a OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.52, p < 0.0001; a OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.81, p = 01, respectively). No significant reductions were observed for physical and/or sexual IPV, or sexual IPV alone.

Conclusions

Results from this pilot RCT suggest the importance of addressing household gender inequities alongside economic programming, because this type of combined intervention has potential to reduce levels of IPV. Additional large-scale intervention research is needed to replicate these findings.

Trial registration

Registration Number: NCT01629472.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Gupta et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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