Routine data from prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) HIV testing not yet ready for HIV surveillance in Mozambique: a retrospective analysis of matched test results

BMC Infectious Diseases

Ilesh V Jani⁴  Ray W Shiraishi³  Roberta Z Horth²  Mussagy Mahomed⁴  Peter W Young¹ 

[1] Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maputo, Mozambique, 193 Av Kenneth Kaunda, P.O. Box 783, 10002, Maputo, Mozambique;University of California San Francisco, Maputo, Mozambique;Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA;Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique

关键词: Mozambique;    Sentinel surveillance;    HIV diagnostic tests;    Prevention of mother-to-child transmission;    HIV surveillance;    HIV program data;    HIV prevalence;   

Others  :  1171033
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-13-96

 received in 2012-10-09, accepted in 2013-02-13,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Opt-out HIV testing is offered at 70% of antenatal care (ANC) clinics in Mozambique through the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program. If routine data from this program were of sufficient quality, their heightened coverage and continuous availability could complement or even replace biannual sentinel serosurveys that currently serve as the primary HIV surveillance system in Mozambique.

Methods

We assessed the efficacy of routine HIV testing data from prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs for estimating the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women. The PMTCT program uses sequential point-of-care rapid tests conducted on site while ANC surveillance surveys use dried blood spots tested sequentially for HIV-1/2 antibodies at a central laboratory. We compared matched routine PMTCT and ANC surveillance test results collected during 2007 and 2009 ANC surveillance surveys from 36 sentinel sites.

Results

After excluding 659 women without PMTCT data, including 83 who refused rapid testing, test results from a total of 20,563 women were available. Pooling the data from both years indicated HIV prevalence from routine PMTCT testing was 14.4% versus 15.2% from surveillance testing (relative difference -5.1%; absolute difference -0.78%). Positive percent agreement (PPA) of PMTCT versus surveillance tests was 88.5% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 85.7-91.3%), with 19 sites having PPA below 90%; Negative percent agreement (NPA) was 98.9% (CI: 98.5-99.2%). No significant difference was found among three regions (North, Center and South), however both PPA and NPA were significantly higher in 2009 than 2007 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

We found low PPA of PMTCT test results compared to surveillance data which is indicative either of testing errors or data reporting problems. Nonetheless, PPA improved significantly from 2007 to 2009, a possible positive trend that should be investigated further. Although use of PMTCT test results would not dramatically change HIV prevalence estimates among pregnant women, the impact of site-level differences on surveillance models should be evaluated before these data are used to replace or complement ANC surveillance surveys.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Young et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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