Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia

BMC Research Notes

Alemseged Abdissa¹  Beyene Wondafrash¹  Abdulhakim Abamecha² 

[1] Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia

关键词: Ethiopia;    Jimma;    Intestinal tract;    Hospitalized patient;    Antibiotic resistance;    Enterococci;   

Others  :  1232442
DOI  :  10.1186/s13104-015-1200-2

 received in 2014-09-17, accepted in 2015-05-20,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Multi-drug-resistant Enterococci colonizing the intestinal tract of hospitalized patients are the major source of infection as well as nosocomial spread. Despite worldwide increasing rate of multidrug resistant Enterococci colonization and infection among hospitalized patients, there is scarcity of data from resource limited setting. The present study aimed at determining the antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Methods

The study was conducted among hospitalized patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, from January to July 2013. Fecal samples were collected and processed for bacterial isolation and susceptibility testing to antimicrobial agents. Stool samples were inoculated onto enterococcus selective media (Bile Esculin azide agar plate) with and without 6 µg/ml of vancomycin. The isolates were identified to genus and species level by cultural characteristics, Gram’s stain, catalase test, growth in 6.5% NaCl broth, growth at 45°C, motility test and by using API 20 Streptococcus system. Sensitivity testing was done using Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for vancomycin were determined using E-test strips.

Result

Overall, Enterococci were isolated from 114 (76%) of the study subjects. The isolates were Enterococcus faecium (35.1%) followed by Enterococcusfaecalis (29.8%), Enterococcus gallinarum (17.5%), Enterococcuscasseliflavus (8.8%) and Enterococcusdurans (8.8%). Among 114 tested Enterococci isolates, 41 (36%) were resistant to ampicillin, 62 (54.4%) to streptomycin and 39 (34.2%) to gentamycin. Other alternative antibiotics to treat mixed nosocomial infection caused by Enterococci also showed high rate of resistance in vitro: ciprofloxacin (50% of resistance), norfloxacin (49.1%), erythromycin (63.2%), tetracycline (64.9%), chloramphenicol (34.2%), and nitrofrantoin (32.4%). Multiple drug resistance was observed among 89.5% of E. faecium and E. faecalis. Vancomycin resistant Enterococci were observed in 5% of E. faecium isolates.

Conclusion

This study reveals high rate of fecal colonization by multidrug-resistant Enterococci and prevalence of vancomycin resistance strains. Thus periodic surveillance of antibacterial susceptibilities is recommended to detect emerging resistance and to prevent the spread of antibacterial-resistant strains.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Abamecha et al.

【 图 表 】

Figure1.

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