RNA-Seq profile of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine

BMC Genomics

Cristina Marzachì¹  Flavio Veratti¹  Sabrina Palmano¹  Xavier Foissac²  Massimo Delledonne⁴  Sébastien Carrère³  Patricia Carle²  Luciana Galetto¹  Simona Abb๠

[1] Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, I-10135 Torino, Italy;Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 71 avenue Edouard Bourlaux, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d’Ornon, Cedex, France;CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan F-31326, France;Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy

关键词: qRT-PCR;    Hypothetical proteins;    Group II intron;    Vitis vinifera;    RNA-Seq;    Flavescence dorée phytoplasma;   

Others  :  1127436
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2164-15-1088

 received in 2014-09-02, accepted in 2014-12-04,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The phytoplasma-borne disease flavescence dorée is still a threat to European viticulture, despite mandatory control measures and prophylaxis against the leafhopper vector. Given the economic importance of grapevine, it is essential to find alternative strategies to contain the spread, in order to possibly reduce the current use of harmful insecticides. Further studies of the pathogen, the vector and the mechanisms of phytoplasma-host interactions could improve our understanding of the disease. In this work, RNA-Seq technology followed by three de novo assembly strategies was used to provide the first comprehensive transcriptomics landscape of flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD) infecting field-grown Vitis vinifera leaves.

Results

With an average of 8300 FD-mapped reads per library, we assembled 347 sequences, corresponding to 215 annotated genes, and identified 10 previously unannotated genes, 15 polycistronic transcripts and three genes supposedly localized in the gaps of the FD92 draft genome. Furthermore, we improved the annotation of 44 genes with the addition of 5′/3′ untranslated regions. Functional classification revealed that the most expressed genes were either related to translation and protein biosynthesis or hypothetical proteins with unknown function. Some of these hypothetical proteins were predicted to be secreted, so they could be bacterial effectors with a potential role in modulating the interaction with the host plant. Interestingly, qRT-PCR validation of the RNA-Seq expression values confirmed that a group II intron represented the FD genomic region with the highest expression during grapevine infection. This mobile element may contribute to the genomic plasticity that is necessary for the phytoplasma to increase its fitness and endorse host-adaptive strategies.

Conclusions

The RNA-Seq technology was successfully applied for the first time to analyse the FD global transcriptome profile during grapevine infection. Our results provided new insights into the transcriptional organization and gene structure of FD. This may represent the starting point for the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies to study differential expression in FD and in other phytoplasmas with an unprecedented resolution.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Abbà et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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