Features of human scabies in resource-limited settings: the Cameroon case

BMC Family Practice

Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam⁴  Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek⁴  Defo Defo²  Isidore Sieleunou³  Jobert Richie N Nansseu¹  Emmanuel Armand Kouotou⁴ 

[1] Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon;Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon;School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada;Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon

关键词: Cameroon;    Post-scabies pruritus;    Contagiousness;    Human scabies;   

Others  :  1222856
DOI  :  10.1186/s12895-015-0031-0

 received in 2014-11-25, accepted in 2015-07-14,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

The persistent high prevalence of human scabies, especially in low- and middle-income countries prompted us to research the sociodemographic profile of patients suffering from it, and its spreading factors in Cameroon, a resource-poor setting.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey from October 2011 to September 2012 in three hospitals located in Yaoundé, Cameroon, and enrolled patients diagnosed with human scabies during dermatologists’ consultations who volunteered to take part in the study.

Results

We included 255 patients of whom 158 (62 %) were male. Age ranged from 0 to 80 years old with a median of 18 (Inter quartile range: 3–29) years. One to eight persons of our patients’ entourage exhibited pruritus (mean = 2.1 ± 1.8). The number of persons per bed/room varied from 1 to 5 (mean = 2.1 ± 0.8). The first dermatologist’s consultation occurred 4 to 720 days after the onset of symptoms (mean = 77.1 ± 63.7). The post-scabies pruritus (10.2 % of cases) was unrelated to the complications observed before correct treatment (all p values > 0.05), mainly impetiginization (7.1 %) and eczematization (5.9 %).

Conclusion

Human scabies remains preponderant in our milieu. Populations should be educated on preventive measures in order to avoid this disease, and clinicians’ knowledges must be strengthened for its proper diagnosis and management.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Kouotou et al.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Barete S, Chosidow O, Bécherel P, Caumes E. Ectoparasitoses (poux et gale) et piqûres d’insectes. Encyclopédie Médico-Chirurgicale 8-530-A-10.
• [2]Revuz J. La gale dans les maisons de retraite. Concours Med. 1994; 116:2325-9.
• [3]Ceulemans B, Tennstedt D, Lachapelle JM. La gale humaine: Réalités d'aujourd'hui. Louvain médical. 2005; 124(6):S127-S133.
• [4]Gaspard L, Laffitte E, Michaud M, Eicher N, Lacour O, Toutous-Trellu L. Scabies in 2012. Rev Med Suisse. 2012; 8(335):718-22.
• [5]Gallais V, Bourgault-Villada I, Chosidow O. Poux et gale: nouveautés cliniques et thérapeutiques. La Presse médicale (1983) A. 1997; 26(35):1682-6.
• [6]Hegab DS, Kato AM, Kabbash IA, Dabish GM. Scabies among primary schoolchildren in Egypt: sociomedical environmental study in Kafr El-Sheikh administrative area. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015; 8:105-111.
• [7]Hicks MI, Elston DM. Scabies. Dermatol Ther. 2009; 22(4):279-92.
• [8]Hay RJ, Steer AC, Engelman D, Walton S. Scabies in the developing world--its prevalence, complications, and management. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012; 18(4):313-23.
• [9]Worth C, Heukelbach J, Fengler G, Walter B, Liesenfeld O, Feldmeier H. Impaired quality of life in adults and children with scabies from an impoverished community in Brazil. Int J Dermatol. 2012; 51(3):275-82.
• [10]Do Ango-Padonou F, Adjogan P. Aspects épidémiologiques de la gale humaine en milieu scolaire béninois. Med Afr Noire. 1986; 33(12):915-7.
• [11]Kobangué L, Mballa MD, Abéyé J. Gale sarcoptique: aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2007; 134(S1):98.
• [12]Niang SO, Kane A, Diallo M, Barry S, Dieng MT, Ly F, Ndiaye B. Les dermatoses dans les écoles coraniques à Dakar. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2005; 132(HS3):925.
• [13]Walton SF, Currie BJ. Problems in diagnosing scabies, a global disease in human and animal populations. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007; 20(2):268-279.
• [14]Bitar D, Thiolet JM, Haeghebaert S, Castor C, Poujol I, Coignard B et al.. La gale en France entre 1999 et 2010: augmentation de l’incidence et implication en santé publique. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2012; 139:428-34.
• [15]Chosidow O, Sbidian E. La gale: une reconnaissance méritée ! Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2012; 139:425-7.
• [16]Bécherel PA, Barete S, Francès C, Chosidow O. Ectoparasitoses (pédiculoses et gale): stratégie thérapeutique actuelle. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1999; 126:755-61.