Simultaneous atelectasis in human bocavirus infected monozygotic twins: was it plastic bronchitis?

BMC Pediatrics

Peter Iseli²  Walter Bär²  Christoph M Rüegger¹ 

[1] Division of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland;Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Graubuenden Cantonal Hospital, Chur, Switzerland

关键词: Human bocavirus;    Respiratory tract infection;    Children;    Atelectasis;    Plastic bronchitis;    Bronchial casts;   

Others  :  1144035
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2431-13-209

 received in 2013-05-02, accepted in 2013-12-14,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Plastic bronchitis is an extremely rare disease characterized by the formation of tracheobronchial airway casts, which are composed of a fibrinous exudate with rubber-like consistency and cause respiratory distress as a result of severe airflow obstruction. Bronchial casts may be associated with congenital and acquired cardiopathies, bronchopulmonary diseases leading to mucus hypersecretion, and pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities. In recent years, however, there is growing evidence that plastic bronchitis can also be triggered by common respiratory tract infections and thereby cause atelectasis even in otherwise healthy children.

Case presentation

We report on 22-month-old monozygotic twins presenting with atelectasis triggered by a simple respiratory tract infection. The clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings given, bronchial cast formation was suspected in both infants but could only be confirmed after bronchoscopy in the first case. Real-time polymerase chain reaction of the removed cast as well as nasal lavage fluid of both infants demonstrated strong positivity for human bocavirus.

Conclusion

Our case report is the first to describe two simultaneously affected monozygotic twins and substantiates the hypothesis of a contributing genetic factor in the pathophysiology of this disease. In this second report related to human bocavirus, we show additional evidence that this condition can be triggered by a simple respiratory tract infection in previously healthy infants.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Rüegger et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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