Manipulation of valve composition to elucidate the role of collagen in aortic valve calcification

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Kristyn S Masters¹  Ana M Porras¹  Laura M Piechura¹  Karien J Rodriguez¹ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, #2152, Madison, WI 53706, USA

关键词: Extracellular matrix;    Collagen;    Calcific aortic valve disease;    Valvular interstitial cells;   

Others  :  855337
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2261-14-29

 received in 2013-10-29, accepted in 2014-02-21,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Extracellular matrix (ECM) disarray is found in calcific aortic valvular disease (CAVD), yet much remains to be learned about the role of individual ECM components in valvular interstitial cell (VIC) function and dysfunction. Previous clinical analyses have shown that calcification is associated with decreased collagen content, while previous in vitro work has suggested that the presence of collagen attenuates the responsiveness of VICs to pro-calcific stimuli. The current study uses whole leaflet cultures to examine the contributions of endogenous collagen in regulating the phenotype and calcification of VICs.

Methods

A “top-down” approach was used to characterize changes in VIC phenotype in response to collagen alterations in the native 3D environment. Collagen-deficient leaflets were created via enzymatic treatment and cultured statically for six days in vitro. After culture, leaflets were harvested for analysis of DNA, proliferation, apoptosis, ECM composition, calcification, and gene/protein expression.

Results

In general, disruption of collagen was associated with increased expression of disease markers by VICs in whole organ leaflet culture. Compared to intact control leaflets, collagen-deficient leaflets demonstrated increased VIC proliferation and apoptosis, increased expression of disease-related markers such as alpha-smooth muscle actin, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin, and an increase in calcification as evidenced by positive von Kossa staining.

Conclusions

These results indicate that disruption of the endogenous collagen structure in aortic valves is sufficient to stimulate pathological consequences in valve leaflet cultures, thereby highlighting the importance of collagen and the valve extracellular matrix in general in maintaining homeostasis of the valve phenotype.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Rodriguez et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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