Pattern of respiratory diseases in children presenting to the paediatric emergency unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu: a case series report

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Ikenna Kingsley Ndu²  Benedict Onyeka Edelu¹  Chikaodinaka Adaeze Ayuk¹  Tagbo Oguonu¹ 

[1] Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria;Department of Paediatrics, Enugu State University of Technology Teaching Hospital Enugu, Enugu, Nigeria

关键词: Respiratory diseases;    Pattern;    Enugu;    Children;   

Others  :  862783
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2466-14-101

 received in 2013-12-23, accepted in 2014-05-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Respiratory diseases are one of the causes of childhood morbidity and mortality as well as hospitalization globally. The patterns of different respiratory illnesses in several parts of the world have been reported but there are few on the combined burden of the diseases. Determination of the burden of respiratory diseases as a group will help ascertain their collective impact on the health systems in order to develop intervention measures.

Methods

Data from case notes of children with respiratory diseases admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria over a six year period were extracted. Age, gender, admission rates, types of respiratory illness, duration of admission, season of presentation and outcome were analysed. Descriptive and inferential (Chi square) statistics were used to describe the various disease types and ascertain association of the disease outcome, seasonal pattern with the types of diseases.

Results

Of the total of 8974 children admissions, 2214 (24.7%) were due to respiratory diseases. The mean age of all the children with respiratory diseases was 3.3 years (SD 3.9). Communicable diseases were the common cause of admission cases throughout the seasons, p < 0.001. The highest admission rates were for pneumonia, (34.0%), acute bronchial asthma, (27.7%) and rhinosinusitis (14.6%) p < 0.001. The frequency of respiratory disease decreases with age and children less than five years of age and of low socio-economic status were commonly affected, p = 0.01. The median duration of hospital stay was two days [range 1 to 8 days], children less than five years old and those of low socio-economic status, spent more than four days (p = 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively). The all-cause mortality was 0.5% (11/2214) of which 81.8% (9/11) was due to pneumonia.

Conclusions

Respiratory diseases constitute a significant burden of childhood illnesses in our centre. Efforts are required to reduce the impact as part of the steps towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Oguonu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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