Development and implementation of the Baltimore healthy carry-outs feasibility trial: process evaluation results

BMC Public Health

Joel Gittelsohn²  Mohamed Hamouda²  Jayne Jeffries²  Vanessa Hoffman²  Benjamin Batorsky²  Rachel Yong¹  Sonja Goedkoop²  Seung Hee Lee-Kwan² 

[1] Department of Health Policy & Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;Center for Human Nutrition, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

关键词: Urban;    African-American;    Low-income;    Food environment intervention;    Process evaluation;    Carry-out;    Prepared food;   

Others  :  1162044
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-13-638

 received in 2012-12-20, accepted in 2013-06-24,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Prepared food sources, including fast food restaurants and carry-outs, are common in low-income urban areas. These establishments provide foods high in calories, sugar, fat, and sodium. The aims of the study were to (1) describe the development and implementation of a carry-out intervention to provide and promote healthy food choices in prepared food sources, and (2) to assess its feasibility through a process evaluation.

Methods

To promote healthy eating in this setting, a culturally appropriate intervention was developed based on formative research from direct observation, interviews and focus groups. We implemented a 7-month feasibility trial in 8 carry-outs (4 intervention and 4 comparison) in low-income neighborhoods in Baltimore, MD. The trial included three phases: 1) Improving menu boards and labeling to promote healthier items; 2) Promoting healthy sides and beverages and introducing new items; and 3) Introducing affordable healthier combo meals and improving food preparation methods. A process evaluation was conducted to assess intervention reach, dose received, and fidelity using sales receipts, carry-out visit observations, and an intervention exposure assessment.

Results

On average, Baltimore Healthy Carry-outs (BHC) increased customer reach at intervention carry-outs; purchases increased by 36.8% at the end of the study compared to baseline. Additionally, menu boards and labels were seen by 100.0% and 84.2% of individuals (n = 101), respectively, at study completion compared to baseline. Customers reported purchasing specific foods due to the presence of a photo on the menu board (65.3%) or menu labeling (42.6%), suggesting moderate to high dose received. Promoted entrée availability and revised menu and poster presence all demonstrated high fidelity and feasibility.

Conclusions

The results suggest that BHC is a culturally acceptable intervention. The program was also immediately adopted by the Baltimore City Food Policy Initiative as a city-wide intervention in its public markets.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Lee-Kwan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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